FISHES. 205 



hh. No teeth on^he vomer; anal spines 1 or 2; lateral 

 line usually running up on the caudal fin. 



Sci/ENIDiE, 94. 



aa. Edges of opercular bones entire. 

 /. Scales well developed, not enlarged along lateral line ; 

 chin often with barbels ; no free spines. 



Scuemdw, the Maigres. 



ff. Scales minute ; no barbels. 



g. Body more or less compressed and elevated ; scales 

 sometimes enlarged along lateral line; usually 

 2 free anal spines. Garangidce,, the Pilot Fishes. 



gg^ Body long and low ; no free spines nor lateral 

 shields Gohiidm^ the Gobies. 



f f Body entirely scaleless. 



7i. Body more or less depressed ; eyes high up on the broad 

 head; caudal usually rounded. 



2. Dorsal with 4 spines; ventrals jugular 1,5; mouth 

 vertical. . . Uranoscojndce, the Star Gazers. 



n. Dorsal with 3 spines; ventrals jugular 1,2; mouth 

 broad, with conical teeth. 



Batrachidw, the Toad Fishes. 



Hi. Dorsal spines 6 or more ; ventrals thoracic ; cheeks 

 mailed {i. e., the sub -orbital bone extending back- 

 ward over the cheek, articulating with the pre- 

 opercle). 



— Spinous dorsal shortest, its middle rays highest; 



head without barbels. . . Cottid^, 95. 



— Spinous dorsal longest, notched, its first rays highest ; 



head with many fleshy slips. 



Hemitripteridce^ the 8ea Ravens. 



hh. Body greatly compressed; the eyes lateral or anterior; 

 fins often filamentous ; tail usually slender, the caudal 

 fin widely forked. 



j. A series of bony shields along base of second dorsal. 



Zenidm, the John Dories. 



jj. No bony shields ; usually two free anal spines. 



Garangidce, the Pilot Fishes 



