250 FISHES. 



FAMILY XCIV.-SCT^NID^. 



{The Maigres.) 



Body compressed, often elongate, covered with ctenoid 

 scales; lateral line continuous, often running up on the 

 caudal fin; teeth in villiform bands, sometimes with 

 canines; vomer and palate toothless; opercles weakly if 

 at all serrated; bones of skull moro or less cavernous, 

 with muciferous system highly developed; chin usually 

 with pores or barbels; lower pharyngeals distinct, except 

 in Haploidonotus and its relatives, where they are 

 firmly united (pharyngognathous) as in the Lahridm; 

 dorsals two, distinct or slightly connected, the soft par^^ 

 most developed; vertical fins usually scaly; ventrals 

 T, 5, thoracic; anal spines generally 1 or 2; air bladder 

 large and often complicated (rarely wanting); stomach 

 coecal, with a few pyloric appendages. 



Chiefly marine, in temperate and warm regions, the 



following only in fresh water. Genera about twenty; 



species one hundred and ten, numerous on our coasts: 



* Lower jaw shorter, received within the upper; both jaws fully 

 provided with teeth ; no canines ; lower pharyngeals united. 



(HArLOIDONOTIN^.) 



\ Body moderately elevated; depth about one third length; 

 caudal double-truncate, slightly prolonged behind. 



Haploidonotus, 1. 



ff Body greatly elevated at the shoulders; depth nearly half 

 length ; caudal truncate, . . Eutychelithus, 3. 



/. HAPLOIDONOTUS, Rafinesque. Bubblers. 



= Amhlodon^ Raf. 



1. H. grunniens, Raf. Sheepshead (Lakes). White 

 Perch. Gruxter. Drum. Depth 3 in length; head 3|^; 

 back elevated forwards, and much compressed; spines 

 strong; first anal spine short; the second very large, 



