288 FISHES. 



rest of the fin olivaceous, or in spring males fiery orange; 

 males in spring with many rounded tubercles on head, 

 and usually the whole upper surface — in no other genus 

 are these nuptial appendages so extensively developed — 

 scales deep, rather small and crowded anteriorly; intes- 

 tinal canal six to nine times the total length of the body, 

 its numerous convolutions passing above and around the 

 air-bladder, an arrangement found in C arnjyostoma alone 

 among all the Vertebrates; D. I, 8; A. I, 7; lat. 1. 50 to 

 55; L. 4 to 8; herbivorous. Mississippi Valley, every 

 where abundant; one of the most curious and interesting 

 of American fishes. [C. dubium^ (Kirt.) Cope. C. cal- 

 lipteryx^ gobioninum^ etc., Cope.] 



2. PIMEPHALES, Rafinesque. Round -Headed 



MiNNOAVS. 



1. P. promelas, Raf. Fat -Head. Black Head. 

 Head almost globular, black in adult males; snout in 5 

 with several large tubercles; body very short and deep; 

 scales crowded; eye small; mouth very small and short; 

 a large black dorsal blotch; males dusky; females oliva- 

 ceous; I). I, 7; A. I, 7; lat. 1. 46; L. 2^. Ohio Valley 

 to Upper Missouri. Known at sight, as it resembles 

 nothing else. 



3. HYBORHYNCHUS, Agassiz. Blunt-Nosed Minnows. 



1. H. notatus, (Raf.) Ag. Blunt -Nosed Minnow\ 

 Brownish or bluish, a dusky shade along sides, sometimes 

 forming a caudal spot; a distinct black spot on middle 

 of front rays of dorsal; head short; snout in spring 

 males with disproportionately large tubercles, usually, 

 fourteen in all; no distinct barbel at each angle of the 

 mouth; scales in front of dorsal small and crowded; 

 D. I, 8; A. I. 7; lat. 1. 45; L. 3 to 4. N. Y. to Tenn., 

 Wis., and Mo.; very abundant in the Ohio Valley. 



