. 37^ ' GLOSSARY. 



Dorsal fin — The fin on the hack of fishes. 



Emnrginate — Slightly forked or notched at the tip, or sometimes 



ahruptly narrowed (said of quills.) 

 E iuloskeleton — The skeleton proper — the inner bony framework of 



the body. 

 EpignathoiiH — Having the bill hooked. 

 Erectile — Susceptible of being raised or erected. 

 Even — {Tail) having all the feathers of equal length. 

 E.voskeleton — Hard parts on the surface of the body. 

 E.vserted — Projecting beyond the general level. 

 Facial — Pertaining to the face. 

 Falcate — Sc3^the-shaped ; long, narrow, and curved. 

 Falciform — Cui'ved, like a scythe. 

 F<isciate(l — With broad colored bands. 



Fauna — The animals inhabiting any region, taken collectively. 

 Ferrugineo us — Rusty red. 

 Fibula — The small outer leg bone. 

 Filament — Any slender or thread-like structure. 

 Filiform —Th read-form . 

 Fissirostral — Having the bill very deeply cleft, be3^ond the base of 



the horny part, as in the Swallows. 

 Forehead — Frontal curve of head. 

 Foramen — A hole or opening. 

 Foificate — Deeply forked. 



Fossce — The grooves in which the nostrils of many birds open. 

 Fossorial — Adapted for digging. 

 Fulcra — Rudimentary spine-like scales extending up the fins of 



some fishes. 

 Fuliginous — Sooty or smoky l)rown. 

 Furcate — Forked. 

 Fuscous — Dark brown. 

 Fusiform — Spindle-shaped; tapering toward both ends but rather 



more abruptly forward. 

 Gape — Opening of the mouth. 



Ganoid — Scales or plates of bone covered by enamel. 

 Gastrosteges~VyAni\-\\\i.Q. plates along the belly of a serpent. 

 Gills — Organs for breathing the. air contained in water. 

 Gill openings — Openings leading to or from the branchia'. 

 Gill rakers — A series of structures like comb-teeth in tlie mouth 



of some fishes. 



