GLOSSARY. 378 



Orbit — Eye socket. 



Oscine — Musical. 



Oscine -tarsus — By ellipsis, tarsus as in oscine biixls ; i. e., its 

 envelope undivided behind and forming' a sharp ridge. 



Oviparous — Producing eggs which are developed after exclusion 

 from the body, as in all birds. 



Ovoviviparous — Producing eggs which are hatched before exclu- 

 sion, as in the Blind Fish and Garter Snake. 



Palate — The roof of tlie mouth — in fishes, a part of the roof of the 

 mouth, lying behind the vomer and in front of the pharyngeals 

 (not to be confounded with either.) 



Palatines — Bones of the palate. 



Palmate — Web-footed, having the anterior toes full-webbed. 



Papilla — A small, fleshy projection. 



Papillose — Covered with papilloe. 



Paragnathous — Having the two mandibles about equal in length. 



Pectinate — Having teeth like a comb. 



Pectoral — Pertaining to the breast. 



Pectoral fins — The anterior or uppermost of the paired fins, in 

 fishes, corresponding to the anterior limbs of the higher 

 Vertebrates. 



Pelage — The hair of a Mammal, taken collectively. 



Pelagic — Living on or in the high seas. 



Perforate — Pierced through; said of nostrils when without a 

 septum. 



Perissodactylous — Odd-toed (toes 1, 3, or 5.) 



Peritoneum — The membrane lining the abdominal cavity. 



Phalanges — Bones of the fingers and toes. 



Pharyngeal hones — Bones at the beginning of the oesophagus of 

 fishes, of various forms, almost always provided with teeth. 



Pharyngognqthons — Having the lower pharyngeal bones united. 



Pigment — Coloring matter. 



Plantigrade — Walking on the sole of the foot, as do men and 

 bears. 



Plastron — Lower shell of a turtle. 



Plicate — Folded ; showing transverse folds or wrinkles. 



Plumage— The feathers of a bird, taken collectively. 



Plumbeous — Lead-colored — dull bluish gray. 



Pollex — Thumb ; in birds, the digit which bears the alula — corre- 

 sponding to the index finger. 



