surfaces or very distant thorn-like projections to proportionally very heavy and coarse spindles 

 with surfaces covered with coarse, irregularly warty tubercles. There are also many oval spicules, 

 such as are common in this family, true clubs and a few irregularly branched forms. 



Rarely, girdled spindles and irregular crosses are seen, such as are figured by Kolliker, 

 the original describer of the species. 



Color. The colony is a dark, rather deep red ; the polyps yellowish and the spicules 

 red and white. 



General distribution. Type locality, "Bohol", Kolliker. 



Another specimen from the same station is pale in color and some of the polyps are 

 completely retracted. 



2. Semperina brtmnea new species. (Plate II, figs. 2, 2«; Plate XI, fig. 3). 



Stat. 273. Anchorage off Pulu Jedan. 13 meters. Sand and shells. 



Stat. 164. i°42'.5S., I30°47'.5 E. 32 meters. Sand, small stones and shells. 



The colony is branched, rudely flabellate in form, 20.5 cm. in height and with a- 

 spread of about 8 cm. The base is lacking. The main stem is appro.ximately round in section, 

 4.8 cm. long to first branch, and 8 mm. in diameter. After giving off three stubs of branches 

 it sends off a compound branch with four branchlets. 1.5 cm. above this it forks into two 

 approximately equal branches each of which again branches dichotomously, one quite regularly 

 so, until branchings of the 4''^ order are attained. All of the branches are round in section 

 and more or less clavate at the ends. The main branches are about 5 mm. in diameter, the 

 secondary branches about 4 mm., and the distal twigs 3 mm. At some of the furcations on 

 the distal parts of the colony there is a membrane-like e.xpansion or web of the coenenchyma 

 which fills in the angle sometimes as much as 8 mm. above the actual angle of the fork. The 

 calyces are on three sides of the stem and branches, leaving the fourth side comparatively bare. 

 On the other three sides the calyces are thickly and regularly implanted about 1.3 mm. apart. 



The individual calyces are low dome-shaped Verrucae which vary greatly in height with 

 the degree of e.xpansion of the polyps. A typical one measures 2 mm. in diameter, and the 

 upper parts of the walls are strongly 8-lobed and covered with coarsely tuberculate spindles 

 and short oval forms. The polyps are completely retractile and very strongly spiculated. The 

 collaret is composed of about 6 rows of encircling spindles which assume an en chevron 

 arrangement on the tectacle bases. The distal part of each tentacle bears a strong band of 

 longitudinal spindles which seem to encrust it to its tip. 



Spicules. These are of the usual type for the genus. The axis bears relatively few 

 long slender rod-like forms with distant spiny points, and relatively numerous strongly tuber- 

 culate spindles in which the tubercles are fairly distant on the slender forms and much crowded 

 and irregular on the stouter forms. These intergrade with stout oval spindles covered with a 

 compact mass of tubercles. The spicules of the coenenchyma do not differ appreciably from 

 those of the axis. 



