SPONGES 



jEjiliifdada, Laiux. { = Meyenia, Crtr.) ; Heferomeyenia, Potts; Tuhella^ 

 Crlr. ; Parmnla, Crtr.; Carterius, Potts; Uruguaya, Crtr.; Potamolejns, 

 Miirsliall ; Lessepsia, Keller. Sub-Family {d). Gelliudinae, Toi)(>. 

 Skeleton t'orined of long thick sjuciilar fibres, with very little spongin 

 as a rule ; hut in Phoriosponciia ami Sigmatella the spicules of the 

 tibre^ are rei)lacetl by foreign bodies (arenaceous fibres) and the spongin is 

 abundant. Microsclere usually signiata. Genera — Gelliodes, R. ; Stylo- 

 trichophora, D. ; Cladocroce, Tops. ; Phoriospongia, Marshall ; Chon- 

 dropsii [Crtr.], D. { = i>igmatella, Ldf.). Sub-Family (e). Phloeodic- 

 TYINAE, Crtr. Massive sponges with a thick cortex and fistular aj)- 

 pendages. Framework of choanosonie, a network of spicular fibres. 

 Microscleres, when present, signiata. Geneia — PltiMchalina, O.S. ; 

 (keanapia, Tops. Family 2. fPoECiLO.scLERiDAE, Toi)s. ( = Desma- 

 ciDONiDAE, K. and D. + Heterorhaphiuae, R. and D., pai^s.). Megas- 

 cleres almost always monactinal ; microscleres various, but almost always 

 including chelae. Sub-Family («). JEsperellinae, R. and D. Skeletal 

 tibres without echinating spicules ; megascleres of ectosome similar to 

 those of choanosome, or differing only in size. Genera — jEsperellu, Vosni. 

 i = Esperia, Ndo.), [Eoc] ; Gomphostegia, Toi^s. ; fjE's^Jcric^wis, Crtr. [Eoc], 

 (Fig. 37) ; jAmphilectus, Vosm. [Eoc] ; Stylotella, Ldf. ; DcsmuceUu, 

 O.S. ; Biemma, Graj' ; Monunchorn, Crtr. ; jHamucantlia, Gray (= Voine- 

 rii-la, O.S.), [Eoc.]; Pozziella, Tojis. ; jCladorhiza, M. Sai-s [Eoc.]; jChon- 

 drocladia, W. Th. [Eoc] ; Axoniderma, R. and D. ; Meliiderma, R. and D. ; 

 Artemisinn, Yosui. ; Phelloderma, "R. and D. ; ti^t^Hmm/oH, Bwk. [Eoc] ; 

 Batzella, Toi^s. ; Homaeod ict ya, Ehli^rt^ ; fGuitarra, Crtr. ; [Eoc.]; Sidero- 

 derma, R. and D. ; Joyeuxia, Tops. ; Microtylotella, D. ; Amj^liiastrella, 

 D. Sub- Family (b). tDENM)OHiciXAE, Top.s. Skeletal fibres without 

 echinating spicules. Megascleres of ectosome, as a rule, diH'erent from 

 those of choanosome, and usually diactinal. Genera — Dendory.r, Gray ; 

 Lissodendoryx, Tops. ; jlophon. Gray [Eoc] ; iDtrocJiotu, R. ; Leptosia, 

 Tops.; Tedaiiia, Gray; Trachytedaiua, R. ; jForcepia, Crtr. [Eoc.]; 

 \j\Ielonanchora, Crtr. [Eoc]; Histodenna, Crtr.; Coi-iiulum, Crtr.; 

 Yvesia, Tojis. Sub-Family (c). IEctyoninae, Crtr. Skeletal fibres with 

 echinating spicules, which are usually sjjined. Genera — jMyxilla, O.S. 

 [Eoc] ; Pocillon, Toj)s. ; Plumohalidtondnit, Crtr. ; Stylostichon, To2)s. ; 

 Microciona, Bwk. ; Hymeraphia, Bwk. ; Tylosigmit, Tops. ; Achelidenna 

 Tops.; jAcanias, Gray [Eoc.]; Pytheus, Tops.; Hamigent, Gray; 

 Spa7iio2)lon, Tojw. ; Clathria, O.S. ; Echinochithria, Crtr. ; Agelas, Duch. 

 et Mich. ; Ophlit(ts^})ongia, Bwk. (Fig. 32) ; Ectyonapsis, Crtr. ; lihaphi- 

 di>2)hlu.% Elders; Eiliinoni'ina, Crtr.; Clathruidendron, Ldf.; Phrtiifihi, lAf. ; 

 Clathriopsammu, Ixlf. ; Aulenti, Ldf. ; Echinodictynm, R. ; Kdhikfiitcroiiy 

 Ldf. ; Fnsifir, D. Sub-Family (d). tBuBARiXAE, Tojis. Witli special 

 diactinal spicules, localised at the surface of attachment or forming the 

 axis of the si)onge ; or witli 8i)ecial niega.scleres (rhalxlostyles). Genera — 

 iPlocnmia, O.S. { = Dirrho2)alum, R.), [Cret Eoc]; SuberoteUtcs, O.S. ; 

 Bubiiris, Gray ; Cerbaris, Toi)s. ; lihabderemia, Top.s. ; Hymerhabdia, Toj^. 

 Family 3. IAxinellidae, R. and D. Megascleres typically monactinal ; 

 diactinal spicules, when present, usually of subsidiary imi)ortance in 

 building up tlie skeletal framework. Microsclei-es wanting or few in 



