ARTIFICIAL KEY. ae 
h. Dorsal fin very short; body mailed. . . . . . AGONIDA, 74. 
hh. Dorsal fin very long; body with small scales. 
z. Dorsal and anal joined to the caudal. 
j- Gill membranes free from the isthmus; ventrals very slender, 
banbel-likes 2° .* .\\ + Soh alee. s+. > OPHmipa, 87, 
Jjj- Gill membranes united to the isthmus. . . Lycopmps, 86. 
a. Dorsal and anal free from caudal; tail isocercal. Gapipa, 88. 
CC. Body scaleless, smooth or more or less prickly or warty. 
k. Breast with a sucking-disk. 
, Gill membranes free from isthmus; no spinous dorsal. 
GOBIESOCID&, 80. 
Ul. Gill membranes attached to the isthmus. 
m. Skinsmoothh . . .. . . . . LIrarrpip4, 77. 
mm. Skin warty. . . . . . . . CYCLOPTERIDA, 78. 
kk. Breast without sucking-disk. 
mn. Ventrals completely united.. . . . . . Gopmpas, 82. 
nn. Ventrals separate. 
o. Ventral rays I, 5. 
p. Dorsal and anal with finlets. . . . ScomBrips#, 55. 
pp. Dorsal and anal without finlets; two free anal spines. 
CARANGID&, 56. 
oo. Ventral rays less than I, 5. 
q- Upper jaw prolonged into a sword. IsTIOPHORIDs, 53. 
gq. Upper jaw not prolonged into a sword. 
r. Suborbital with a bony stay. . . . CoTTIDa, 73. 
rr. Suborbital without bony stay. 
s. Dorsal spines two or three; teeth strong. 
BATRACHID4, 79. 
ss. Dorsal spines 4 to 6; teeth small. 
GASTEROSTEID, 45, 
sss. Dorsal spines numerous; teeth comb-like. 
BLENNIDs, 83. 
BB. Gill openings small, behind the pectoral fins, which are pediculate. 
t. Gill openings in or behind lower axil of pectorals; mouth large, 
terminal. 
u. Pseudobranchie present; head broad, depressed; mouth very 
large, with large unequal teeth. . . . . . Lopnipa, 96. 
uu. Pseudobranchiz none ; head compressed; teeth small. 
ANTENNARIIDA, 95. 
tt. Gill openings in or behind upper axil of pectorals; mouth small, 
below a projecting snout. . . . . . . . MALTHIDS, 94. 
Series III. Ventrrat FINS ENTIRELY WANTING. 
A. Gill membranes joined to the isthmus, so that the gill openings of the two 
sides are not connected. 
B. Dorsal fin single, of spines only (these sometimes slender, like soft rays). 
C. Molar teeth present. . . .. . . . . ANARRHICHADIDA, 95. 
CC. Molar teeth none. 
D. Mouth vertical; body naked. . . . CRYPTACANTHODIDS, 84. 
DD. Mouth not vertical; body scaly. . . . . . BLENNIID#, 88. 
