72 TELEOSTEI: ISOSPONDYLI. — XIII. 
sides silvery. Head 4; depth6. D.18; A.13. L.5. N.Y. to 
Fla., scarce. (Alosa teres Dekay.) (Corruption of sardine.) 
72. CLUPEA (Artedi) Linneus. (Lat., herring.) 
a. Vomer with an ovate patch of minute teeth; serratures on belly very 
weak. 
167. C. harengus L. Common Herrine. Body elongate, 
the scales deciduous; cheeks longer than high; upper jaw scarcely 
emarginate; gill rakers X + 40; D. inserted before V.; lower fins 
small; peritoneum dusky. Blue, silvery on sides. Head 43; 
depth 44. D. 18. A. 17. Lat. 1. 57. Scutes, 28+ 13. L. 12. . 
N. Atlantic, everywhere, S. to Cape Cod; spawns in the sea. (Eu.) 
(Low Latin, herring.) 
aa. Vomer without teeth ; ventral serratures very strong; upper jaw emar- 
inate. 
b. Cheeks notably longer than deep, the preopercle produced forward 
below ; body not very deep; depth 3} or more in length. (Pomolobus 
Rafinesque.) 
c. Teeth in jaws all disappearing with age, a small patch sometimes re- 
maining on tongue. 
d. Peritoneum pale. 
168. C.mediocris Mitchill. Tartor Herrina. Faru HEr- 
RING. Martrowacca. Head rather long, the profile straight and 
not very steep; form more elliptical than in the next and less 
heavy forwards; opercles less emarginate below ; fins low. Bluish 
above ; sides with faint longitudinal streaks. Head 4; depth 33. 
D. 15. A. 21. Lat.1.50. Ventral scutes, 20 -+ 16. Cape Cod to 
Fla., chiefly S. 
169. C. pseudoharengus Wilson. ALEWIFE. GASPEREAU. 
Brancn Herring. WA.LL-EYED Herring. Body deep, heavy 
forward ; head short, nearly as deep as long ; eye large, 34 in head; 
gill rakers long, about X + 35; first ray of D. about equal to base 
of fin; lower lobe of C. longer; fins rather high. Bluish, sides 
silvery, with faint dark streaks along rows of scales; a round dark 
spot at shoulder. Head 42; depth 3}. D.16. A.19. Lat. 1. 50. 
Scutes 21-14. L.15. Newfoundland to S. C., abundant, entering 
streams to spawn ; landlocked in lakes of W. N. Y. (Clupea ver- 
nalis Mitchill, 1815, but according to Dr. Gill, the paper of Alex- 
ander Wilson was published before 1814. See McDonald, Nat. 
Hist. Aquat. Anim. 580, 594.) (qeddos, false; herring.) 
dd. Peritoneum black. 
170. C. eestivalis Mitchill. GuiutT-Herrinc. BLUE-BACK. 
Biack-BeLLy. Summer Herrina. Very close to the preced- 
ing, the body more elongate, the fins lower, and the eyes smaller, 
the back darker. First ray of dorsal not equal to base of fin. 
