80 TELEOSTEI: ISOSPONDYLI. — XIII. 
red patches in males; young (parr; smolt) with dark cross-bars 
and red spots. Head 4; depth 4. B. 11. D.11. A. 9. Scales 
23-120-21; vert. 60; pyl. ceca 65; usual weight 15 pounds, but 
often much larger. N. Atlantic, S. to N. Y. and France, ascend- 
ing all suitable rivers; often (var. sebago Girard), land-locked in 
lakes. One of the best known and most valued of food-fish. Vari- 
able. (An old name, from salio, to leap.) (u.) 
83. SALVELINUS (Nilsson) Richardson. CHArrs. (An o'd 
name, allied to the German, Sdlbling.) 
(The species of this group are in general smaller, finer, hand- 
somer, and more wary than the Salmon, and they inhabit in general 
colder waters. Besides the native species, attempts have been 
made to introduce the following: Salvelinus alpinus L., the Euro- 
pean charr, Sibling, or Ombre Chevalier, a species very close to 
S. oquassa and S. malma (Walbaum), the “ Dolly Varden Trout,” 
or “ Bull Trout” of the Rocky Mountain slope; very close to S. 
Jontinalis, the back as well as the sides, with red spots). 
a. Hyoid bone (base of tongue) with a band of strong teeth (besides the 
usual teeth around edge of tongue); head of the vomer with a raised 
crest, which projects backward, free from and parallel with the shaft; 
this crest with teeth; lake trout, very large, spotted with gray. (Cristi- 
vomer Gill & Jordan.) 
191. S. namaycush (Walbaum). Great Lake Trovt. 
Mackinaw Trout. Satmon Trout (of the Lakes, not of 
England, nor of Oregon, nor of the Gulf of St. Lawrence). 
Loner. ToGur. Head very long; mouth very large, the maxil- 
lary reaching much beyond eye, 2 in head; teeth very strong; 
C. well forked. Dark gray, varying in shade; everywhere with 
round pale spots; head above, and D. and C. reticulate with 
darker; eye large. Head 41; depth 4. B.12. D.11. A.11. 
Lat. 1. 185 to 205. L. 3 feet or more. Great Lake region, and 
lakes from New Brunswick to Montana, British Columbia and 
Alaska, abundant, variable. A food-fish of high value. In Lake 
Superior is found var. siskawitz Agassiz, the Siscowet, similar, but 
less elongate and inordinately fat. (Indian name.) 
aa. Hyoid bone with a very few feeble teeth or with none; vomer with teeth 
on its head only and without posterior crest; red-spotted species. (Sal- 
velinus.) 
6. Hyoid teeth none; head large, 4 to 44 in length; red spots of body on 
sides only. 
192. S. fontinalis (Mitchill). Broox Trovut.1 SprEcKLED 
Trout. Head large, the snout bluntish; mouth large, the maxil- 
1 “This is the last generation of trout fishers. The children will not be able to find 
any. Already there are well trodden paths by every stream in Maine, in New York, 
and in Michigan. I know of but one river in North America by the side of which you 
