84 TELEOSTEI: HAPLOMI. — XIV. 
upper jaw formed by premaxillaries ; teeth various; gill membranes 
somewhat connected, free from isthmus; Bb. 4 to 6; D. single, 
inserted posteriorly, rarely preceded by a spine; C. not forked; 
stomach siphonal, without pyloric ceca; sexes unlike ; some spe- 
cies ovoviviparous. Genera 30; species 140; in fresh and brackish 
waters of all warm regions. Most of them are small in size, and 
some species of Heterandria are perhaps the smallest of fishes. The 
species here mentioned are carnivorous, surface swimmers; many 
southern species feed on mud and slime. 
a. Intestinal canal short, but little convoluted; dentary bones firmly united; 
teeth fixed; carnivorous species. 
6. Oviparous species, the anal fin of the male not modified into an intromit- 
tent organ. (Cyprinodontine.) 
c. Teeth in a single series, incisor-like, notched; dorsal of 10 or 11 rays, 
the first ray small; gill si restricted above; body stout and 
Weep. ss Ae Sab CyYPRINoDOoN, 88. 
ce. Teeth pointed; v entrails present; iden present. 
e. Teeth in more than one series. 
J. Dorsal rather large, well forward; its rays usually 11 to 18, the 
first above or in frontof A. . . . . . . FUNDULUS, 89. 
if. Dorsal small and posteriorly placed, its rays 7 to 10; the first 
generally behind front of the small anal; size small. 
ZYGONECTES, 90. 
ee. Teeth in one series; D. inserted before A.; D. and A. short, of 9 
fo, Tsrays.. 2 . - HP Ge pate at Lucanta, 91. 
6b. Ovoviviparous species, the gual ae a ce male advanced and modified 
into a sword-shaped intromittent organ. (Anablepine.) 
g. Eye normal, not divided by crosswise partition; jaws short; 
fins small; D. inserted behind A. . . . GAmMBuSIA, 92. 
88. CYPRINODON Lacépede. (kuzpivos, carp; dd@v, tooth.) 
200. C. variegatus Lacépéde. Body short, deep, compressed ; 
humeral scale 4 times size of others; ¢ steel-blue, more or less 
copper-red below; C. with black bar at base and tip; @ oliva- 
ceous, sides silvery, with irregular dark cross-streaks; a dark spot 
on D. behind. Head 3; depth in adult about 2. D. 10. A. 10. 
Seales 25-12. [L.2 to 4 inches, southern specimens being larger 
and more brightly colored. Cape Cod to Texas, in brackish 
waters. 
89. FUNDULUS Lacépéde. (Lat., fundus, bottom; they 
often bury in the mud.) 
a. Scales comparatively large, about 36 in a lengthwise series, 13 in a cross- 
series. 
b. Branchiostegals 6; ¢ with dark cross-bars and a black dorsal spot; ¢ 
with longitudinal black bands. 
201. F. majalis (Walbaum). KiturrisH. May-risu. Head 
long, with long snout; D. moderate; A. very high in g ; eye mod- 
erate; g olivaceous, brassy on sides; with about 12 bars of color 
