CARANGIDA, — LVI. 109 
b. Body subfusiform, the depth less than 3 the length; breast scaly; no 
canines; scutes numerous, 40 to 50. 
278. C. chrysos (Mitchill.) HAarp-rart. YELLOw MACKEREL. 
CoJINERA. Greenish, yellow below; a black blotch on opercle; 
none on P; breast scaly; arch of lateral line about half straight 
part. Head 33; depth 3}. D. VIII-1, 24. A.II,1,19. Scutes 
50. L.18. Cape Cod, 8., rather common. (xpvads, gold.) 
bb. Body oblong-ovate, the depth more than # the length; outer teeth 
stronger; scutes larger, 25 to 30; silvery species. 
c. Breast entirely scaly; opercular spot inconspicuous; lower jaw with- 
out distinct canines. 
279. C. latus Agassiz. JuREL. Pectoral spot usually wanting. 
Head 32; depth 23. D. VIII-1, 22. A.II-1,16. Scutes, 30. 
L.18. Warm seas, rarely N. (Lat., broad.) 
cc. Breast naked, except a small rhombic scaly area before V.; lower 
jaw with two small canines; adult with a large black spot on 
opercle, and one towards base of P. 
280. C. hippos (L.). CREVALLE. CAVALLA. Head large 
and deep, especially in adult, mouth large. Head 3+; depth 24 to 
8. D. VIII-1, 20. A. Il—1,17. Scutes 25. L. 36. Warm seas, 
N. to Cape Cod; common 8. _(izzros, horse.) 
aa. Teeth of jaws equally small; breast naked, spinous dorsal disappearing 
with age; soft dorsal and anal with 3 to 6 anterior rays produced in 
long filaments. (Alectis Ratinesque.) 
281. C. gallus (L.). THREAD-FISH. Body very deep, broadly 
ovate, its edges trenchant; scales minute; scutes very feeble; sil- 
very, darker above ; a dark blotch on opercle; changes greatly with 
age. Head 3; depth 2 (young as deep as long). D. VI-1, 19. 
A. 16. Scutes9to12. L.2 feet. Warm seas, N.to N. Y. (The 
American fish, called Caranz crinitus Mitchill, seems to be the same 
as the East Indian C. gallus.) (Lat., cock.) 
136. VOMER Cuvier. (Lat., ploughshare.) 
282. V. setipinnis (Mitchill). Moon-risu. Horser-risu. Body 
oblong, excessively compressed, but less elevated than in C. gallus 
or in Selene vomer; fins in adult all very low, none filamentous ; 
head very gibbous above eye; scutes minute. Head 31; depth 2 
(deeper in young). D. VIII-1, 21 to 25; A. II-1, 18 to 20. 
L. 18. Tropical America, N. to Maine. (Lat., seta, bristle; 
pinna, fin.) 
137. SELENE Lacépede. (ceAnvn, the moon.) 
a. D. with 22 soft rays; A. with about 18; anterior profile of head from base 
of snout to occiput almost straight, the bones of the head being much 
distorted. 
