144 TELEOSTEI : ACANTHOPTERI. — XX. 
gray, usually with faint oblique bars; snout projecting. Head 3}; 
depth 4. D. X-1, 25. A.J, 7. Lat. 1.65. Md. to Brazil, abun- 
dant S. (MZ. alburnus L.) 
bb. Outer teeth of upper jaw little enlarged; lower lobe of C. mostly black. 
395. M. saxatilis (Bloch). Kine-risu. Bars. SEA MINK. 
D. high. Dusky gray, the back and sides with oblique dark cross- 
bands; one at the nape vertical, forming with the next a V-shaped 
blotch; a dark lateral streak, extending on C. Head 4; depth 44. 
D. X-1, 26. A.I, 8. Scales 7-53-14. L.18. Cape Cod to Fla., 
common N. (Lat., living among rocks.) 
aa. Gill rakers present, small; lower pharyngeals broad, their teeth mostly 
molar; outer teeth scarcely enlarged; scales on breast small. (Um- 
brula Jordan & Eigenmann.) 
396. M. littoralis (Holbrook). Sitver Wuitinc. Surr 
Wuitine. Snout projecting, 34 in head; maxillary to eye, 34 in 
head. Silver-gray, almost plain; tip of C. black. Head 34; depth 
42, D. X-1, 24. A.I, 7. Scales 6-53-12. L.18. Va. to Texas. 
(Lat., belonging to the shore.) 
179. POGONIAS Lacépeéde. (awyavias, bearded.) 
397. P. cromis (L.). Drum. Robust; 2d <A. spine large. 
Grayish-silvery or brassy; 4 or 5 dark vertical bars lost with age. 
Head 3}; depth 24. D. X-1, 20. A. TI, 6. Lat. 1.50. L. 4 feet. 
Cape Cod to Brazil. (Old name from xpépua, to neigh.) 
180. APLODINOTUS Rafinesque. (dm)éos, simple; varos, 
back.) 
398. A. grunniens (Rafinesque). FRESH-wWATER Drum. 
GASPERGOU. “ SHEEP’S-HEAD.” WHITE PERCH. CROAKER. 
Tuunper-PumpER. Snout blunt; back compressed; 2d A. spine 
very strong; C. rhombic. Grayish-silvery, more or less dotted. 
Head 34; depth 8. D. IX-1, 30. A. II, 7. Lat. 1.55. L. 2 feet 
or more. Great Lakes to Texas and Ga., abundant; a large, coarse 
fish of the larger streams and lakes. (Lat., grunting.) 
Famity LXIX. GHRRIDA. (THe Monarras.) 
Body compressed, with large, smoothish scales; lateral line con- 
tinuous; mouth small, the premaxillary excessively protractile, the 
spines of the premaxillaries extending backward in a deep groove 
on top of head; maxillary simple, not sheathed by the narrow pre- 
orbital; mandible scaly, with a slit behind it, to permit motion; 
teeth small, in jaws only; preopercle entire or serrate; pseudo- 
branchie concealed; gills normal; gill membranes separate ; lower 
pharyngeal bones close together, usually loosely united; D. single, 
with 9 spines; A. with 3 or 2; V. I, 5; air-bladder present. Verte- 
