178 BATRACHIA : URODELA. — XXVI. 
494. A. punctatum (L.). SpotTED SALAMANDER. Black 
above with a series of round yellow spots on each side of the back; 
body broad, depressed and swollen; skin punctate with small 
pores from which exudes a milky fluid; two or three clusters of 
enlarged pores on head; a strong dorsal groove; tail 2} in length; 
costal grooves sometimes 10; large. L.6. Nova Scotia to Nebr. 
and S., common. 
495. A. conspersum Cope. Lead colored, with one or two 
series of small yellowish spots along sides; no dorsal groove; skin 
smooth; body slender; tail shorter than head and body; tail 23 in 
length; small. Penn. to Ga. (Lat., sprinkled.) 
6b. Sole with two distinct tubercles. 
496. A. bicolor (Hallowell). Olive brown, yellowish below, the 
yellow rising in blotches on the sides; a few ill-defined yellowish 
spots above; limbs banded; tail yellow with brown spots; body 
stout and heavy. L. 6. N. J. 
497. A.copianum Hay. Dark brown, yellowish below; no dis- 
tinct spots; limbs not banded; tail not spotted; body very short 
and stout, the distance from snout to axil equal to distance from 
axil to groin; tail long, compressed. Irvington, Ind., one specimen 
known. (To Edward Drinker Cope.) 
aaa. Costal grooves 12. 
e. Sole with two distinct tubercles; snout with mucous pores. 
498. A. tigrinum (Green). Dark brown, with usually many 
irregular yellow blotches, sometimes arranged in cross-bands; body 
thick and strong; the head comparatively long; tail not much, if any, 
longer than head and body; color varying from uniform brown to 
yellow, but usually spotted. L. 8. N. E. to Minn. and 8., common. 
499, A. xiphias Cope. Yellow olive, brighter below ; back and 
sides with brown reticulating bands; head small, blunt; tail very 
long, much longer than head and body. L.11. Ohio. (Edias, 
sword-shaped. ) 
ee. Sole with one indistinct tubercle or none; palatine teeth inter- 
rupted. 
500. A. jeffersonianum (Green). Olive brown or blackish, 
usually with pale or bluish spots, but sometimes uniform plumbeous. 
Head small, eyes far back; body slender; fore limb not reaching 
hinder when appressed. L. 5 to 8. Va. to Ind. and N., common, 
variable. Prof. Cope recognizes the typical variety jeffersonianum, 
Penn. to Ill. and N.; var. laterale Hallowell, Canada to Wis., 
with large white spots on sides and tail; var. fuscum Hallowell, S. 
Ind. to Va., dark brown, a darker band along sides; var. platineum, 
Ohio to S. Ill., with narrower head, 54 to 6 in length to groin; plum- 
beous, paler below, sometimes with whitish blotches. (To Thomas 
Jefferson.) 
