954 AVES : COLUMBA:: — XL. 
etc.), the others usually not webbed. Tarsus mostly scutellate in 
front, elsewhere reticulate, the plates soft. Head small, skull 
schizognathous, the nasal bones schizorhinous ;_ basipterygoids 
present. Plumage soft, compact, the feathers very loosely inserted. 
Altricial; monogamous. 
A small order, including some extinct forms, closely related to 
the Galline. The principal family is the Columbide. 
Families of Columbz. 
a. Wings and tail well developed. . . . . . . . . COLUMBID#, 151. 
Famity CLI. COLUMBIDAL. (Tue PIGeons.) 
Wings long, pointed; tail never forked, of 12 or 14 feathers; 
plumage compact, the feathers loosely inserted. Species about 
300, found in most regions, but most abundant in the East Indies. 
Besides the following, quite a number of pigeons occur in the 
Southern States. The common tame dove (Columba enas L.) is a 
fair type of the family. 
a. Tarsus feathered at the suffrago, shorter than the lateral toes. (Columbine.) 
6. Tail very long, wedge-shaped, of 12 pointed feathers. EcTopisTEs, 411. 
aa. Tarsus entirely bare, scutellate, longer than the lateral toes. (Zenazdine.) 
c. Tail long, pointed, of 14 pointed feathers, its length more than 3 wing. 
ZENAIDURA, 412. 
cc. Tail short, rounded, of 12 broad feathers; less than 3 wing. 
CoLUMBIGALLINA, 413. 
411. ECTOPISTES Swainson. (éxromorns, wanderer.) 
798. KE. migratorius (L.). Wi~p PIGEON. PASSENGER 
Pigeon. Bluish drab, with reddish and violet tinges, reddish 
below’; @ more reddish. L. 47. Wa 3.6. i. Na 
abundant; gregarious. 
412. ZENAIDURA Bonaparte. (Zenaida,arelated genus; ovpa, 
tail; Zenaida was named for Madame Zenaida Bonaparte.) 
799. Z, macroura (L.). Mourning Dove. TurTLE Dove. 
CaroLina Dove. Brownish olive, glossed with blue and wine 
color; plumage with metallic lustre; a dark ear spot; outer tail 
feathers with white; 9 duller. L.12. W.5%. T.68. N. Am., 
N. to Canada, very abundant, feeding on the ground, its mournful 
note not an index to its merry disposition. (jaxpdés, large ; ovpd, 
tail.) 
413. COLUMBIGALLINA Boie. (Lat., columba, pigeon ; 
gallina, hen.) 
800. C. passerina (L.). Grounp Doves. Grayish olive, with 
bluish gloss; the head, breast, ete , wine-color in g. L. 64. W. 
