PICIDA. — CLIX. 267 
d. Hind toes 2; nasal groove running nearly to tip of bill, which is not 
much compressed toward tip. . .. . »« DRryYoBATEs, 442. 
dd. Hind toe single (the real hind toe wantin): bill broad, much 
compressed. . . » PIcoIpEs, 443. 
cc. Tongue obtuse, brushy, scarcely extensible ; nasal groove rnnning 
into tomium near middle of bill; bill evidently compressed to- 
wards its tip; (belly more or less vellowieh). SPHYRAPICUS, 444. 
aa. Outer toe not longer than outer anterior toe. 
e. Head conspicuously crested; (size large; bill dark). 
CEOPHL@US, 445. 
ee. Head not crested. 
Jj. Upper mandible with a distinct low lateral ridge, the tip more 
or less truncate. . . . ar MELANERPES, 446. 
ff. Upper mandible without distinet lateral ridge or nasal groove, 
the tip scarcely truncate. . . . +. « » COLAPTES, 447. 
441. CAMPEPHILUS Gray. (dyn, caterpillar ; pitos, loving.) 
842. C. principalis (L.). Ivory-B1LLED WooppeckER. Black 
with white on shoulders and wings; crest scarlet in ¢, black in 9. 
L. 21. W.11. T. 8. Southern, formerly N. to 8. IL 
442. DRYOBATES Boie. (dpus, oak ; Barns, walker.) 
a. Back black, with a long white stripe; sides usually white. 
843. D. villosus (L.).. Harry Woopprecker. Bia Sap- 
Sucker. Spotted and lengthwise streaked, but not banded; outer 
tail feathers wholly white. L.9. W.5. T. 3}. A scarlet nuchal 
band in @ only. N. Am., common. 
844. D. pubescens (L.). Downy Wooprecker. LITTLE 
Sap-SuckER. Outer tail feathers white, barred with black; other- 
wise precisely like the other, but much smaller. L. 65. W. 33. 
T. 23. N. Am., common. 
aa. Back black, barred with white; sides usually spotted or streaked with 
black. 
845. D. borealis (Vieillot). REep-cockADED WoOoDPECKER. 
Black and white, spotted and crosswise banded, but not streaked ; 
a red line on each side of head in g@. L. 84. W. 44. T. 33. 
S. E. U. S., in swamps, N. to Penn. 
443. PICOIDES Lacépéde. (Picus; eiSos, resemblance.) 
846, P. arcticus (Swainson). BLAck-BACKED WOODPECKER. 
Black and white; no white on back or top of head; crown yellow 
in f, plainin 9. L.9. W.5. T. 3%. N. Am., S. in winter, 
to N. US. 
847. P. americanus Brehm. Back with white bars or a white 
stripe; usually more or less white on head; otherwise as in the pre- 
ceding. L. 8. W.44. T. 34. Arctic Amer., 5. in winter to 
N. E. 
