ICTERIDA. — CLXVL 279 
465. XANTHOCEPHALUS Swainson. 
882. XX. xanthocephalus (Bonaparte). YELLOW-HEADED 
BLackBirD. ¢ black with white wing patch; head and neck 
deep yellow; 92 smaller, browner, with less yellow. L.10. W. 53. 
T. 43. W.N. Am., E. to Ind, etc., in swamps. (£av60s, yellow; 
kepaAn, head.) 
466. AGELAIUS Vieillot. (dyedaios, gregarious.) 
883. A. phoeniceus (L.). RED-winGeED BLAcKBIRD. SWAMP 
BLACKBIRD. ¢ glossy (not iridescent) black, lesser wing covers 
scarlet, with buffy and paler edgings; 9 dusky, streaked young 
& streaked, with rusty on bend of wing. L. 9. W. 5. T. 4. 
U.S., everywhere abundant. (qouwikeos, phenician-red.) 
467. STORNELLA Vieillot. (Lat., dim. of sturna, starling.) 
884. S. magna (L.). MeapowLark. Brownish and much 
streaked above; chiefly yellow below, a black crescent on breast ; 
yellow of throat not encroaching on cheeks; sides and crissum 
buffy. L.10. W.5. T. 34. E.N.Am., very abundant. (Lat., 
large, as compared with the sky-lark.) 
885. S. neglecta (Audubon). WrsTERN MEADOWLARK. Very 
similar, the colors duller and paler, the yellow of throat encroach- 
ing on sides of lower jaw; sides and crissum nearly white. W. N. 
Am., E. to Ill.; almost exactly like the other, but the song quite 
different, thrush-like. 
468. ICTERUS Brisson. (ixrepos, yellow.) 
a. Depth of bill at base not half its length above. (Jcterus.) 
886. I. spurius (L.). OrcHARD ORIOLE. ¢ black; rump, 
bend of wing and lower parts deep chestnut; 9 yellowish olive, 
quite small; young yellow, with various black or chestnut traces; 
young ¢ often yellowish, with black throat-patch. L.7. W. 34. 
T. 3. E. U.S., common southerly; a fine singer and an artist in 
nest-building. 
aa. Depth of bill at base half its length. (Yphantes Vieillot.) 
887. I. galbula (L.). BAttTrmore ORIOLE. GOLDEN Rosin. 
Frre Biro. Black; bend of wing, rump, most tail feathers, and 
under parts from the breast orange of varying intensity; 9 duller, 
olivaceous and yellow. L. 73. W. 32. T.3. E. N. Am.,, abun- 
dant; noted for its elaborate hanging nest as well as for its song. 
(Lat., name of some bird.) 
469. SCOLECOPHAGUS ae (oxoAn€, worm ; 
dayos, eater.) 
888. S. carolinus (Miller). Rusty Grackire. Rusty BLack- 
BIRD. glossy black becoming rusty in autumn; Q dusky, lus- 
treless. L. 9%. W. 4%. T.4. E. U.S. 
