336 MAMMALIA: UNGULATA. — LIL 
6b. Horns very broadly palmated to the tip; nose very broad, entirely 
hairy except a small naked spot between nostrils. . . ALCE, 588. 
aa. Horns (present in both sexes) broadly palmated at tip; nose entirely 
hairy. 2 eh ei foe eh el we iyle hte Me] Aine tl An nea ERED 
586. CARIACUS Gray. (Old name.) 
1112. C. virginianus (Boddaert). Virerntra DrEer. Rep 
Deer. General color chestnut red, grayish in winter; tail white 
below. Maine to Rocky mountains and S., formerly very common, 
and still abundant in wild districts. 
1113. C. leucurus (Douglas). WuitE Tarmep Derr. Yel- 
lowish gray, waved with dusky; lower side of tail, etc., white; 
chin mostly white; size of preceding. Neb. to Texas and W. 
(Aeukds, white; odpd, tail.) 
1114. C. macrotis (Say). Mure Deer. Larger; ears very 
long, nearly as long as tail. Ashy brown, a darker dorsal stripe. 
Neb. to Ore. (paxpds, long; ods, ear.) 
>>? 
587. CERVUS Linneus. (Lat., deer.) 
1115. C. canadensis Erxleben. Wapiti. Chestnut red, gray- 
ish in winter; size nearly equal to that of the Moose. Va. to Wis., 
Dak. and W., now becoming rare; commonly and wrongly called 
“Elk” in America. 
588. ALCE Hamilton Smith. (From Elk.) 
1116. A. alces (L.). Moose. True ExLx. Tawny above, 
yellowish below; ears large; profile of snout very convex. Larg- 
est of our Cervide, reaching the size of a horse. Maine and N. 
N. Y. to Oregon and N. (£u.) The American form is var. 
americanus Jardine. 
589. RANGIFER Hamilton Smith. (Old name.) 
1117. R. tarandus (L.). Rermnpreer. Brownish, grayer in 
winter. American varieties of the Reindeer, or possibly distinct 
species, are the Woodland Caribou, var. caribou (Kerr), found from 
Maine to L. Superior and N., and the Barren Ground Caribou, 
var. grenlandicus (Kerr), smaller and confined to the treeless 
Arctic regions. (Eu.) (Lat., reindeer.) 
Famity CXCVI. BOVIDAH. (Tue CaTTLe.) 
Ruminants with the horns, if present, simple or nearly so, hol- 
low, permanent, each enclosing a process of the frontal bone. 
Teeth i. 2; c. 2; m. $882. Genera about 35; species 80 or 
more, inhabiting warm regions, and most abundant in the Old 
World. The ox (Bos taurus L.), the sheep (Ovis aries), and the 
goat (Capra hircus), are familiar members of the family. 
