MAMMALIA. 
119 
opening at the end of the upper mandible ; cheek pouches ; 
feet webbed, having five toes, with a spur on the hind ones in 
the male ; tail short, broad at the base. 
Ornithorynchus rufus. —The Duck-Billed Platypus. 
Plate XXIV. fig. 3. 
Fur uniformly reddish-brown above, and paler underneath. 
Fourteen inches long. Inhabits New Holland. 
ORDER VIII. — PACPIYDERMATA. 
This order is so named from the thickness of the skin of the 
animals which compose it. They have two or three kinds of 
teeth. The four extremities furnished with the toes, variable 
in number, and terminated with strong nails or hoofs. They 
have no clavicles; and the organs of digestion are not formed 
for ruminating. 
Family Proboscidea. 
The upper incisory teeth are in the form of elongated tusks; 
grinders are compound, and small in number; with five toes on 
all the feet; nose prolonged into a proboscis or trunk. 
Genus 1. —Elephas. — Linnceus. 
Generic Character —Incisory teeth 2 , no canine teeth, grind¬ 
ers 2 - 2 . total 10. The incisive teeth are enormously elongated, 
and termed husks, which taper, and are bent upwards towards 
their extremities, composed of ivory incased in a crust of ena¬ 
mel ; the grinders are composed of vertical and transverse 
laminae; feet with five toes on each; nose elongated into a 
cylindrical proboscis, moveable in all directions, with an elon¬ 
gated finger-like member at its tip, which has the power of 
grasping; head very large ; ears large and flat; neck very short; 
tail medium length, furnished with a tuft of hair ; two teats. 
Nasal fossae greatly elevated. 
