AVES. 
175 
by the upper one ; nostrils at the base of the bill, diagonal and 
long, half covered by a feathered membrane ; legs short; tarsus 
shorter than the intermediate toe ; the anterior ones attached at 
their base; wings long, the second quill longer than the others. 
Colaris Afra. — The African Colaris, or Roller. 
Plate XLIII. fig. 1. 
Reddish-brown above, lower parts lilac-coloured ; tail dark 
green, tipped with bluish-black. Eight inches long. Inhabits 
Africa. 
Genus 17. — ORIOLUS. — Temminck. 
Generic Character .—Bill long, slightly bent from its base, 
where it is compressed; upper mandible surmounted by a ridge, 
slightly notched at the point ; nostrils at the base of the bill, 
exposed, lateral, and horizontal; tarsus shorter than the middle 
toe, in some species it is of the same length, and is joined to 
the exterior toe; first quills very short, the third the longest. 
Oriolus galbula —The Golden Oriole. 
Plate XL. fig. 5. 
Body and point of tail rich golden yellow; wings, tail, and 
cere, black; quills edged with white, which, with the seconda¬ 
ries, are tipped with yellow; bill orange-yellow; irides red ; 
eyes surrounded by a black patch, extending to the base of the 
bill; legs gray. Ten inches long. Inhabits Europe and 
Africa. 
Genus 18.—ICTERUS.— Temminck. 
Generic Character. —Bill long, sometimes more than the 
length of the head, shape of an elongated cone, pointed, sharp, 
and somewhat compressed, having no distinct ridge or notch, 
base enveloped in feathers, margins inflected; nostrils at the 
base of the bill, lateral, and covered by a horny plate ; tarsus at 
least the length of the middle toe; wings long, the third and 
fourth quills longest. 
