AVES. 
179 
Genus 1. — TURD US.— Linnaeus. 
Generic Character. —Bill medium-sized, with a few bristles 
at its base directed forward, slightly bending towards the point, 
which is rather compressed, with the upper mandible emargi- 
nated, and notched near the tip; nostrils basal, lateral, and 
ovate, partly hidden by a naked membrane ; tarsus longer than 
the middle toe, to which the outer one is attached at its base; 
first quill short, the third and fourth the longest. 
Turdus musicus. — The Thrush, or Throstle. 
Plate XL. fig. 8. 
Head and upper parts yellowish-brown, with a greenish tinge; 
sides of neck and upper parts of breast pale ochreous yellow, 
with arrow-shaped brown spots ; throat white ; abdomen and 
hypochondria white, with brown spots; bill blackish-brown, 
base of under mandible yellow; legs brown. Nine inches long. 
Inhabits Europe. 
Turdus torquatus. — The Ring Ouzel. 
Plate XL. fig. 9. 
Upper and under parts of body and tail black, the feathers 
margined with gray; jugulum with a gorget-shaped white spot; 
bill blackish-brown; irides dark-brown; legs soot-brown. Ten 
inches long. Inhabits Europe. 
Turdus merula. — The Blackbird. 
Plate XLIV. fig. 1. 
Deep black'; bill and orbits chrome-yellow; legs dusky. Nine 
inches long. Inhabits Europe. 
Turdus Orpheus. — The Mocking-Bird. 
Plate XLIV. fig. 2. 
Gray-brown above, grayish-white beneath; uropigyum gray¬ 
ish ; bill dusky ; irides yellow ; ophthalmic region white ; legs 
ash-coloured. Nine inches long. Inhabits the United States. 
