238 
AVES. 
upper mandible convex, with the point bending considerably 
downwards ; nostrils basal and lateral, placed in a large mem¬ 
brane, partly concealed by an arched naked scale; wings short, 
concave, fourth and fifth quills longest; tarsus long, furnished, 
in the male, with a short spur; feet with three anterior toes, 
united at the base by a membrane, and a hallux behind; tail 
consisting of from fourteen to eighteen feathers, slanting down¬ 
wards. 
This genus has been divided into four sections:—I. Males 
having one or two spurs. II. Tarsus provided with a callosity 
instead of a spur, or without one. III. Bill deeper than broad; 
orbits naked; and having a short tail. IV. Tail very short, 
hidden by the feathers of the rump; first quill the longest. 
Perdix cinerea. — The Common Partridge. 
Plate LVI. fig. 5. 
Upper parts brown, with transverse black lines and spots; 
under parts cream-yellow, mixed with gray, having zigzag black 
lines; behind the eye a naked papillose skin ; irides brown ; bill 
pale gray; quills blackish-gray, with brown bars; tail reddish- 
orange ; legs and toes blue gray. Twelve inches long. Inhabits 
Europe. 
Genus 18.—CRYPTONYX. — Temminck. 
Generic Character. —Bill short, thick, and compressed ; man¬ 
dibles of equal length, the upper one straight and a little bent 
at the tip ; nostrils lateral, and longitudinally cleft, placed near 
the middle of the bill, and covered above by a broad naked 
membrane ; tarsus long; feet with three anterior toes, united at 
the base; hallux placed high on the tarsus, and not touching the 
ground; without a claw; wings short. 
Cryptonyx coronatus. — The Crowned Cryptonyx. 
Plate LV. fig. 3. 
Dark violet; back and rump dark green ; crown white; tem¬ 
ples naked; with an upright chestnut-coloured crest extending 
from the front to the sinciput; base of bill having six nuchal 
bristles. Ten inches long. Inhabits Sumatra. 
