AVES. 
275 
and upper scapulars, are iridescent-black, reflecting bright sea- 
green ; upper wing-coverts, black; middle of the back and 
rump ash-colour; from the thighs to the sides of the tail white, <• 
and ash-coloured waved and freckled ; the rest of the plumage 
pure white; mandibles black on the under and upper parts, 
crimson on the sides, and sharply toothed on the edges ; tail 
bluish-gray; feet bright scarlet. Two feet long. Inhabits 
Europe. 
Genus 15. — PELECANU S. — Linnaeus. 
Generic Character. —Bill very long, straight, broad, greatly 
depressed ; upper mandible flattened above, terminated by a 
long hooked nail; lower mandible formed of two long, slender, 
flexible branches, united together only at the tip ; intermediate 
space occupied by a widely diiateable membranous pouch, ex¬ 
tending some way down the throat; upper mandible forms a 
slight projection, bounded on either side by a narrow groove, in 
which the nostrils are situated, and so small as to be hardly 
perceptible; eyes surrounded by a naked space; neck rather 
long; legs short, strong; tibia partly naked in some species ; 
feet with three anterior toes, and the hallux long, placed on the 
side of the tarsus, on a level with the toes, the whole connected 
by a web and provided with small hooked nails. 
Pelecanus onocrotalus. — The Pelican. 
Plate LXV. fig-. 7. 
Plumage white; quills black; bill, pouch, naked part of 
throat, and legs, livid gray; claws black ; irides deep brown. 
Genus 16. — CARBO.— Meyer. 
Generic Character. —Bill of medium length, long in some 
species, straight, robust, compressed, and rounded at the top ; 
upper mandible slightly retrousse, and grooved, greatly hooked at 
the point; lower mandible compressed and sub-truncated ; base 
of the bill invested by a membrane, extending a little way 
down the throat, which with the face is naked; nostrils basal, 
linear, oblique, and involved in the membrane; legs strong, 
short; three anterior toes and hallux, connected by the mem¬ 
brane, and webbed to their points ; middle claw serrated; wings 
of medium length, the second and third quills longest. 
