GLOSSARY. 577 
Pupa, the aurelia, or third condition of 
an insect 
Pyriform, pear-shaped 
Quadrangular, having four right angles 
Quadrate, square 
Quadruplicated, having four plaits 
Radiated, rayed, furnished with ravs 
Radicated, is when a shell is fixed by 
its base to another body 
Ramose, branching 
Rectangular, having right angles 
Recurvent, bent backwards 
Recurvated, bowed back 
Recurved, thrown backwards 
Recurvous, bent backwards 
Reflected, thrown backwards or bent 
back 
Reflexed \ same as recurvated. 
Refracted, abruptly bent, as if broken 
Reniform, kidney-shaped 
Repand, with a serpentine margin 
Replicated, folded or plaited so as to 
form a groove or channel 
Reticulated, formed like a piece of net¬ 
work 
Retractile, capable of being drawn back 
Retractility, capacity of being drawn 
back 
Retroflected, bent backwards 
Retrousse, cocked up, turned up 
Retroverted, turned back 
Ret undated, blunted or turned at the 
edge 
Retuse, ending in an obtuse sinus 
Revolute, rolled backwards 
Rhomb, a parallelogram or quadrang¬ 
ular figure 
Rhombick, shaped like a rhomb 
Rbomboidal, approaching in shape to a 
rhomb 
Ribbed, having longitudinal or trans¬ 
verse ridges 
Ridge, the top of any thing, as the top 
of the back or spine 
Rostrum, the beak or bill of a bird, in 
conchology, the prolongation of the lip 
Rostrated, beaked 
Rotund, round, circular, spherical 
Rudimentary, the commencement of 
the first elements of any thing 
Rufous, of a reddish colour 
Rugose, rugged, full of wrinkles 
Ruminating animals, are those which 
chew the cud 
Sac, a small bag, or pouch 
Salient, leaping, bounding, moving by 
leaps 
Sanguinaceous, of a blood-colour, re¬ 
sembling blood 
Sanguineous, bloody, constituting 
blood, abounding in blood 
Scabrous, rough, rugged, harsh, or like 
a file 
Scalloped, indented at the edges 
Scorbiculous, pitted, having the sur¬ 
face covered with hollows 
Scutellfform, 1 shi eld-shappd 
Seam, the line formed by the union of 
the valves of shells 
Securiform, axe-shaped 
Secretory, belonging to secretion 
Semi, is used in composition in the 
sense of half 
Semi.cordate, half-heart-shaped 
Semi.cylindrical, half cylindrical, or a 
cylinder cut through length ways 
Semi-lunar, shape of a halt moon 
Semi-orbicular, the shape of a half¬ 
globe 
Semi-pellucid, ' somewhat pellucid or 
shining 
Septiform, in the shape of a partition 
Serrated, like the teeth of a saw 
Serrulated, very minutely serrated 
Sessile, sitting, or seated 
Seta, a bristle 
Setaceous, bristly 7 , covered with bristles 
Setiferous, bearing bristles 
Setose, covered with bristles 
Sinister, the left valve in conchology 
Sinistral, of or belonging to the left 
Sinuated, bent in ana out 
Sinus, a groove or cavity 
Siphunculus, a cylindrical canal, per¬ 
forating the partition in polythala- 
mous shells 
Solitary, applied to parts which are 
single, as teeth, bivalve shells, See. 
Snag, a short branch of a deer's horn 
Spatulate, rounded and broad at the 
top, and becoming narrow like a spa¬ 
tula or battledore 
battledor. *«ped 
Species, a collection of organized 
beings, derived from one common 
parentage, characterized by one pe¬ 
culiar form 
Spiracles, orifices in the heads of 
whales, and other animals for breath¬ 
ing through 
Spiral, twisted like a cork screw 
Spine, the back bone 
Spiny, thorny, covered with thorn-like 
processes. 
Spinous, having spines like a hedge-hog 
Squamose, scaly, covered with scales 
Stellated, starred, consisting of star- 
like figures 
Striated, scored, or covered with fine 
thread-like lines 
Stvliferous 
Sub, in composition, means almost, or 
approaching to, as sub-globose 
Sub-arcuated, somewhat arched 
Sub-conic, somewhat conical 
Sub-diaphanous,somewhat transparent 
or clear 
3 B 
