46 LEPIDOPTERA. 



Pupa stout, rounded, somewhat blunt behind, black-brown 

 thickly covered with a whitish bloom. In a long loose tough 

 cocoon, of dark grey silk and larval hairs, fixed strongly 

 to the stem of its foot-plant, among twigs pretty close to the 

 ground, or in any densely thick shelter. 



The moth flies only at night and is rarely seen on the 

 wing, but the male is readily attracted by a strong light, and 

 may occasionally be found on a gas lamp in the outskirts of 

 a large town. When at rest its resemblance to a brown leaf 

 is extraordinary ; the projecting portion of the hind wing 

 looking like an oblique side of the leaf, the costa of the fore 

 wing like the midrib, and the remainder of the fore wing 

 most admirably simulating the veined and clouded surface. 

 Probably from this reason, combined with somewhat con- 

 cealed habits, the moth is rarely seen at large in the day- 

 time. The vast majority of cabinet specimens are reared. 



Most common in the fens of Cambridgeshire, but widely 

 distributed ; rather frequent near Eeading and elsewhere 

 in Berks, and at St. Ives, Hunts; and may be found in 

 all the southern counties, to Norfolk, Gloucestershire, 

 Worcestershire, and Herefordshire ; scarce in South Stafford- 

 shire, and very rare in Yorkshire. Apparently absent from 

 Scotland and Ireland. Abroad it is found in Eastern, Central, 

 and Southern Europe, including Spain; also in Finland, 

 Bithynia, Armenia, Siberia, Tartary, and various parts of 

 Asia Minor. 



2. G. ilicifolia, L. — Expanse 1^ inch. Leaf-like ; dull 

 reddish or purplish-brown, with two indistinct pale stripes, 

 and scalloped margins. 



Antennee rather slender, not very short nor strongly 

 curved, regularly pectinated in the male, and more shortly 

 so in the female ; light brown. Palpi rather short, forming 

 a very slight beak ; head and thorax densely clothed with 

 light, or dark, brown scales ; abdomen moderately stout, 

 paler brown, anal segment tufted. Fore wings elongated 



