TRTFIDyE. 239 



resting upon a slight silken pad. Its length was about ten 

 lines ; head small, dark brown, somewhat deeply notched 

 above ; body rather slender, of uniform thickness ; colour 

 dark dirty brown, gradually paler towards the belly, except 

 the last three segments, which were white with the ground 

 -colour faintly showing through ; upon each segment were 

 conspicuous black warts, small, but conspicuously raised, 

 bearing short slender brown bristles of the ordinary type, 

 except those on the post-capital segment, which were 

 slightly clubbed. Whole body very glossy, appearing as if 

 varnished." 



Dr. Chapman says that the newly hatched larva has a large 

 black head; segments 3, 4, 11, and 12 are pale, the others 

 dark. The raised spots are large, especially so on segments 

 5 to 9, 12 and 13, where they appear as though fused 

 together, the plates being fuscous in colour and the lines 

 between them rufous. The eleventh segment has the 

 characteristic Acronyda form, projecting slightly laterally, 

 depressed dorsally, and with the tubercles and hairs much 

 smaller than in any other segments. The raised spots carry 

 single hairs, and the second segment has a black dorsal plate ; 

 head, viewed from the front, distinctly heart-shaped. After 

 the first moult it appears almost black, but is really dark red- 

 grey, with white dorsal and sub-dorsal lines ; the tubercles or 

 raised spots are still very large and black. At the second 

 moult the curious appearance, so strongly mimicking the 

 excrement of a bird, is assumed. It feeds up very rapidly, 

 moults usually four times, spends four days in feeding in 

 each st.in, and two in each moult, and is full fed in a month 

 from its emergence from the egg. (Condensed, Dr. Chapman's 

 Memoir.) 



End of June to August or even September, on alder, 

 apple, oak, birch, hawthorn, beech, maple, hazel, poplar, 

 sallow, willow, lime, elm, rose, sycamore, chestnut, horse- 

 chestnut, and even bramble. Most catholic in its tastes as to 

 food, and even appearing to change to a fresh food-plant in 



