﻿ALCTONARIA. 
  337 
  

  

  broad 
  ; 
  the 
  rim 
  is 
  beset 
  with 
  scattered 
  spine-like 
  spicula 
  with 
  

   branched 
  bases, 
  about 
  two 
  deep 
  ; 
  the 
  points 
  project 
  directly 
  up- 
  

   wards 
  in 
  the 
  expanded 
  state. 
  

  

  Spicules 
  of 
  general 
  cortex 
  : 
  — 
  (i.) 
  Conical, 
  with 
  rounded 
  broad 
  end 
  

   tapering 
  to 
  moderately 
  sharp 
  smaller 
  end, 
  the 
  whole 
  thickly 
  covered 
  

   with 
  very 
  coarse 
  ])lunt 
  tubercles; 
  size 
  '32 
  to 
  '35 
  by 
  "123 
  to 
  '177 
  

   millim. 
  (ii.) 
  Conical 
  to 
  fusiform, 
  with 
  prominent 
  proliferating 
  

   tubercles 
  ; 
  size 
  about 
  -38 
  by 
  -1 
  to 
  •14 
  millim. 
  (iii.) 
  Tri- 
  to 
  quadri- 
  

   radiate, 
  the 
  arms 
  stout 
  or 
  slender, 
  pointed, 
  covered 
  with 
  rough 
  

   tubercles 
  like 
  those 
  of 
  (ii.) 
  ; 
  about 
  '53 
  millim. 
  in 
  maximum 
  length 
  and 
  

   •07 
  to 
  ^14 
  millim. 
  in 
  maxinium 
  diameter 
  of 
  the 
  arms, 
  (iv.) 
  Verruca- 
  

   spicules 
  with 
  expanded 
  ramifying 
  basal 
  portion, 
  whose 
  branches 
  

   are 
  lobose 
  and 
  marginally 
  denticulate 
  and 
  bear 
  low 
  scattered 
  spines 
  ; 
  

   the 
  upright 
  projecting 
  portion 
  or 
  spine 
  which 
  helps 
  to 
  form 
  the 
  

   fringe 
  on 
  the 
  rim 
  of 
  the 
  verructe 
  is 
  smooth, 
  approximately^ 
  straight, 
  

   and 
  tapers 
  from 
  its 
  base 
  to 
  a 
  sharp 
  point 
  ; 
  total 
  length 
  of 
  spicule 
  

   •035 
  to 
  •OS 
  millim., 
  total 
  breadth 
  •177 
  to 
  •46 
  millim. 
  ; 
  projecting 
  

   spine 
  alone 
  •25 
  to 
  ^37 
  by 
  ^053 
  to 
  •087 
  millim. 
  (basal 
  diameter). 
  

   Also 
  less 
  developed 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  type 
  as 
  (iv.). 
  The 
  zooids 
  

   themselves 
  contain 
  long 
  curved 
  fusiform 
  spicules 
  with 
  smooth 
  ends, 
  

  

  JJab. 
  Port 
  Curtis, 
  Queensland, 
  5-11 
  fms., 
  bottom 
  sand 
  and 
  shells; 
  

   Port 
  Molle, 
  Queensland, 
  12-20 
  fms., 
  bottom 
  rock 
  and 
  coral 
  ; 
  

   Warrior 
  Ileef, 
  Torres 
  Straits, 
  bottom 
  pearl-shells. 
  

  

  Obs. 
  This 
  species 
  is 
  perhaps 
  more 
  nearly 
  allied 
  to 
  E. 
  atJantlca 
  and 
  

   E. 
  grcnii 
  than 
  to 
  E. 
  coccinea, 
  Stimpson, 
  from 
  which 
  it 
  differs 
  in 
  the 
  

   non-tubei'culation 
  of 
  the 
  spine 
  of 
  the 
  large 
  verruca-spicule. 
  Verrill's 
  

   specimens 
  were 
  unbranched, 
  but 
  this 
  maj^ 
  have 
  been 
  due 
  to 
  youth. 
  

   The 
  long-spiued 
  marginal 
  spicule 
  of 
  the 
  verruca 
  of 
  Acanthogorgia 
  

   atJantka 
  is 
  exactly 
  like 
  that 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  ; 
  but 
  that 
  species 
  differs 
  

   from 
  the 
  present 
  iu 
  having 
  the 
  verrucae 
  less 
  distinctly 
  marked 
  out 
  

   by 
  a 
  spicular 
  crown 
  and 
  by 
  the 
  dark 
  brown 
  colour. 
  The 
  new 
  

   species 
  is 
  represented 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  collection 
  by 
  three 
  dry 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  and 
  one 
  in 
  spirit 
  ; 
  the 
  largest 
  measures 
  230 
  millim. 
  (9 
  inches) 
  

   in 
  maximum 
  height, 
  and 
  130 
  millim. 
  (5 
  inches) 
  iu 
  maximum 
  breadth. 
  

   Specimens 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  British 
  Museum 
  from 
  Hongkong 
  {coll. 
  

   Dr. 
  Harlan). 
  

  

  ECHINOGORGIA, 
  Kdlliler. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  following 
  descriptions 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  thought 
  it 
  necessary 
  to 
  

   describe 
  the 
  spicules 
  of 
  the 
  verrucoe 
  in 
  all 
  cases, 
  as 
  they 
  appear 
  to 
  

   exhibit 
  the 
  same 
  main 
  characters 
  throughout 
  these 
  species 
  of 
  Ecliino- 
  

   gorgia 
  and 
  Plexaura. 
  

  

  12. 
  Echinogorgia 
  flabellum, 
  

  

  Autipatbes 
  flabellum, 
  Esper, 
  Pjianzentldere, 
  ii. 
  p. 
  18"), 
  Antipath. 
  

  

  Gorgonia 
  pseudo-antipathes, 
  ul. 
  op. 
  cit. 
  Fortsetz. 
  ii. 
  p. 
  32, 
  pi. 
  liv. 
  

  

  (nee 
  Gorgonella 
  pseudo-antipathes, 
  Kolliker, 
  Icon. 
  Histiol. 
  p. 
  140, 
  

  

  pi. 
  xviii. 
  tig. 
  42). 
  

   ? 
  Gorgouia 
  cancellata, 
  Dana, 
  Zooph. 
  U. 
  S. 
  Expl. 
  Erp. 
  p. 
  058. 
  

  

  z 
  

  

  