﻿SPONGIIDA. 
  603 
  

  

  pelago, 
  but 
  it 
  has 
  not 
  yet, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  I 
  am 
  aware, 
  been 
  recognized 
  on 
  

   either 
  coast 
  of 
  Africa. 
  

  

  1 
  9. 
  Chalina 
  elongata. 
  

  

  ? 
  Spongia 
  elongata, 
  Lamarck, 
  Atvn. 
  Mus. 
  Hist. 
  Nat. 
  xx. 
  p. 
  451. 
  

   ? 
  Spongia 
  lanuginosa; 
  Usper, 
  P/lanzenth. 
  ii. 
  p. 
  243, 
  pi. 
  xxiv. 
  

  

  An 
  erect 
  Chalina, 
  with 
  short 
  common 
  stem 
  and 
  somewhat 
  tor- 
  

   tuous 
  branches, 
  few, 
  tapering 
  to 
  sharp 
  points, 
  uneven 
  in 
  diameter 
  

   and 
  shape, 
  ranging 
  from 
  2 
  (at 
  the 
  tips) 
  te 
  8 
  millim. 
  in 
  thickness, 
  

   cylindrical 
  or 
  compressed, 
  simj^le, 
  or 
  bearing 
  a 
  short 
  incipient 
  or 
  

   stunted 
  branchlet 
  here 
  and 
  there. 
  Length 
  of 
  branches 
  20-55 
  

   millim. 
  Common 
  stem 
  25 
  millim. 
  long, 
  compressed, 
  greatest 
  dia- 
  

   meter 
  11 
  millim. 
  Vents? 
  (perhaps 
  -6 
  to 
  1 
  millim. 
  in 
  diameter, 
  

   few). 
  Mode 
  of 
  branching 
  dichotomous, 
  branches 
  given 
  off 
  at 
  angles 
  

   of 
  about 
  50°. 
  Surface 
  rendered 
  minutely 
  pilose 
  by 
  the 
  projecting 
  

   ends 
  of 
  the 
  primary 
  fibres. 
  Consistence 
  in 
  spirit 
  very 
  soft, 
  com- 
  

   pressible, 
  elastic 
  (like 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  finest 
  Turkey 
  sponge) 
  ; 
  colour 
  very 
  

   pale 
  brown 
  (almost 
  white). 
  Main 
  skeleton 
  rectangular 
  in 
  arrange- 
  

   ment; 
  primary 
  fibres 
  "SS-'T 
  miUim. 
  apart, 
  •035--043 
  millim. 
  in 
  

   diameter, 
  containing 
  3-5 
  series 
  of 
  spicules, 
  with 
  a 
  narrow 
  horny 
  

   margin 
  visible 
  ; 
  secondaries 
  -024 
  millim. 
  thick, 
  with 
  1 
  (rarely 
  2) 
  

   series 
  of 
  spicules, 
  the 
  fibres 
  at 
  intervals 
  of 
  '18 
  to 
  -35 
  millim. 
  

   Dermal 
  skeleton 
  as 
  main 
  skeleton, 
  but 
  primary 
  fibres 
  only 
  about 
  

   •14 
  to 
  "28 
  millim. 
  apart. 
  Skeleton-fibre 
  pale 
  yellow. 
  Sarcode 
  trans- 
  

   parent, 
  almost 
  colourless. 
  Spicule 
  smooth, 
  acerate, 
  straight, 
  tapering 
  

   from 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  diameters 
  from 
  ends 
  to 
  moderately 
  sharp 
  points 
  ; 
  

   size 
  '13 
  by 
  -0057 
  millim. 
  

  

  Hub. 
  Darros 
  Island, 
  Amirante 
  group, 
  22 
  fms. 
  ; 
  bottom, 
  broken 
  

   coral. 
  

  

  Two 
  specimens, 
  one 
  80 
  millim. 
  (3i 
  inches) 
  high, 
  the 
  other 
  quite 
  

   low, 
  their 
  bases 
  growing 
  among 
  some 
  branching 
  Polyzoa. 
  The 
  

   species 
  agrees 
  with 
  Lamarck's 
  description 
  of 
  his 
  S. 
  elongata 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  

   it 
  goes, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  too 
  short 
  to 
  be 
  decisive 
  ; 
  he 
  gives 
  " 
  Mers 
  Australes 
  " 
  

   as 
  its 
  locality. 
  Esper's 
  figure 
  (Z. 
  c.) 
  strongly 
  resembles 
  it 
  in 
  colour 
  

   and 
  in 
  the 
  shape 
  of 
  the 
  branches, 
  but 
  his 
  specimen 
  was 
  from 
  

   Brittany. 
  Possibly 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  specimens 
  from 
  other 
  localities, 
  

   which 
  he 
  mentions 
  as 
  belonging 
  to 
  his 
  species, 
  may 
  be 
  identical 
  

   with 
  the 
  present. 
  

  

  20. 
  Chalina, 
  sp. 
  

  

  A 
  small 
  specimen 
  of 
  a 
  tender 
  repent 
  species, 
  the 
  horny 
  matter 
  of 
  

   the 
  fibres 
  being 
  small 
  in 
  quantity 
  and 
  very 
  pale 
  and 
  transparent. 
  

   Colour 
  in 
  spirit 
  a 
  fine 
  nut-brown 
  ; 
  consistency 
  soft 
  and 
  very 
  yielding. 
  

   Surface 
  even, 
  rendered 
  minutely 
  pilose 
  by 
  the 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  primary 
  

   fibres. 
  Branches 
  rather 
  tortuous, 
  subcylindrical, 
  compressed 
  here 
  

   and 
  there: 
  greatest 
  diameter 
  (where 
  not 
  aftccted 
  by 
  accidents 
  of 
  

   growth) 
  2-0 
  millim. 
  ; 
  stem 
  similar, 
  diameter 
  about 
  2*5 
  millim. 
  

   Vents 
  orbicular, 
  -5 
  to 
  1-5 
  millim. 
  in 
  diameter, 
  arranged 
  in 
  a 
  series 
  

   on 
  one 
  side 
  of 
  sponge, 
  at 
  intervals 
  of 
  about 
  5 
  millim. 
  Main 
  

  

  