44 Mr. L. R. Crawsliay on 



and pale, with the mouth parts rudimentary, and the 

 antenna? very sliort and much modified. The legs are 

 soft and sliort, with the claws absent and replaced by a 

 small prominence. The processes on the body are much 

 smaller and less distinct, with only a few fine hairs, until 

 the last three or four segments, where they become longer 

 and rather thickly hairy, but with the hairs shorter than 

 in the larva. The terminal processes are likewise shorter, 

 but with the spines long (Plate II, fig. 2a). This skin is 

 cast about the middle of May, and the larva then reappears 

 from the shell in its ordinary form, continuing its life as 

 before, until it is full-fed, in the second, or, probably in 

 most cases, the third summer. 



When full-fed, it changes into a second inactive winter 

 form, which more nearly approaches the pupa, and which, 

 like the other, may be assumed early or late in the year, 

 often as early, at least, as July. Though this is very 

 similar to the previous one, it differs from it especially 

 in the much more stumpy form of the antenna and of 

 the processes on the last three or four segments ; the hairs 

 also on the latter are finer and shorter, and the spines on 

 the terminal pair are very short (Plate II, fig. 3a). 



Points of difference in the head and last segment of 

 the two forms are figured in the accompanying drawings 

 beside the corresponding parts in the ordinary form of 

 the larva (Plate II). 



The two small apical processes in the antenna? of the 

 larva are retained in both winter forms ; but what is the 

 " outer" process in the larva becomes inferior and invisible 

 from above in the first form, and partly inferior while 

 visible on the inner side in the second form. 



These sluggish winter forms (or " false-pupse," if they 

 may be so termed) appear to possess a strange tenacity 

 of life. A specimen of the second form, lately kept out 

 for examination, passed a day and a half in a solution 

 one-third alcohol and two-thirds glycerine ; then, two 

 days afterwards, an hour in turpentine, followed by a day 

 in alcohol and glycerine. Three days after removal from 

 the latter, it seemed so little the worse that, after washing 

 it in alcohol and in water, I put it into an empty shell, 

 which it entered without difficulty, and it appeared to 

 have its usual amount of vitality when examined a week 

 afterwards. Though in a much lesser degree, the same 

 point is noticeable in the $ imago, which will live for two 



