The Butterflies of Chile. 267 



previously, was fine and hot, though, as usual in the 

 Andes at this season, very windy in the afternoon. 



On December 28th I returned to Santiago to make 

 arrangements for my journey to the south, and as our 

 Minister, Sir B. Cusack Smith, advised me not to take an 

 Argentine subject as my companion, I went to Quillota, 

 where I arranged with Mr. Calvert to meet me as soon as 

 lie could get away on January 9th. Quillota has been so 

 well described by Darwin* that I need say nothing of it. 

 There is no good collecting ground within four or five 

 hours' ride, but I got a few specimens here and at 

 Llai-llai, the junction between the lines to Santiago and 

 Valparaiso. Mr. Paulsen, who lives at Quillota, and 

 Mr. Calvert have both collected here, especially Coleoptera, 

 and the latter showed me a very nice collection mainly 

 of Coleoptera. 



Leaving Santiago on January 3rd, I slept at San 

 Rosendo, where the line to what is called " la Frontera " 

 diverges from the line to Concepcion and Lota. Here I 

 had only a morning in which to sample the environs, and 

 next day reached Victoria, a large new town to which most 

 of the live stock raised in the frontier districts of Argen- 

 tina comes over the Lonquimay Pass to market. Most of 

 the country round here has been cleared of forest near the 

 railway, but at Temuco further south, and at Tolten which 

 was then the terminus of the line now being extended 

 to Valdivia, I found the virgin forest which covers the 

 greater part of Chile south of the Biobio river, and soon 

 became convinced that, though the moths might afford a 

 rich harvest to a resident collector, the south of Chile, like 

 the centre, is, away from the mountains, very poor in 

 diurnal Lepidoptera. Returning to Victoria I engaged a 

 German and a Chilean as servants for my Andean journey, 

 and went on by a branch line to Mulchen, whence I drove 

 twenty miles east through a country recently cleared of 

 forest to the hacienda of San Ignacio, the property of 

 Senora Bussey, who received me with the greatest hospi- 

 tality, and to whose husband, George Bussey, Esq., I am in- 

 debted for invaluable assistance in engaging reliable men and 

 mules for my journey. Whilst these were being brought 

 in I collected in the neighbourhood, but found that though 

 the valley of the Renaico river, near which the hacienda is 

 situated, is mostly virgin forest with the rich evergreen 



* Darwin's 'Journal,' New Edition, Murray, 1890, pp. 269-286. 



