IV DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



Page. 



Seasonal-history studies for 1911 143 



Spring brood of pupae 143 



Time of pupation 143 



Second series of larvae 143 



Temperature conditions 146 



Spring brood of moths 147 



Time of emergence of moths in the spring 147 



Time of emergence of moths in the spring versus the time wintering 



larvae leave the fruit the year before 148 



Time during the day when moths emerged 148 



Period of oviposition 149 



Longevity of spring brood of moths 149 



First generation 150 



First brood of eggs 150 



Incubation period 150 



First brood of larvae 151 



Time of hatching 151 



Number of larvae developing in each apple 151 



First brood of pupae 152 



Time of pupation and length of pupal stage 152 



First brood of moths 154 



Time of emergence 154 



Oviposition period 154 



Life cycle of first generation # 155 



Second generation 156 



Second brood of eggs 156 



Incubation period 156 



Second brood of larvae 159 



Time of hatching 159 



Feeding period 159 



Time of leaving fruit for wintering 160 



Natural enemies of the codling moth 160 



Parasitic insects 160 



Predaceous insects 161 



Band records of 1909 161 



Band records of 1910 162 



Band records of 1911 163 



First-brood emergence v. overwintering emergence, 1911 164 



Review of life-history work of 191 1 165 



Comparison of life history in 1910 and 1911 165 



Weather records for 1909, 1910, and 1911 166 



Comparative life-history studies for the seasons 1909, 1910, and 1911 170 



Control of the codling moth on pears and apples in the Santa Clara Valley. . . . 171 



The O'Toole pear orchard at Alviso, Cal 172 



Spraying operations 173 



Season of 1910 172 



Season of 1911 175 



The Northern apple orchard 177 



Season of 1911 177 



Conclusions from experiment s in control 179 



Summary 180 



