148 



DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 



Time of emergence of moths in the spring versus the time wintering larvse 

 leave the fruit the year before. — Larvae were collected from beneath 

 burlap bands weekly from June 6 to August 22, 1910, and each 

 weekly lot was assigned to a separate jar. Records were then kept 

 of the moths emerging from these jars for first-brood adults of 1910 

 and those which wintered over as larvae for spring-brood moths in 

 1911. The material collected June 20 was, unfortunately, used for 

 another purpose and so is excluded in these records. Table XXXIII 

 indicates the daily emergence from each jar and the dates when 

 collections were made. The percentages of adults issuing from each 

 jar in 1910 and 1911 and the totals for both years are also given. 

 It will be observed that the moths of the earlier collections mostly 

 issued in 1910 as first-brood adults, while those of the later collec- 

 tions mostly wintered over to emerge as overwintering adults. Of 

 all larvae and pupae collected only 53.7 per cent issued as adults. 

 Of these the ratio of those emerging in 1910 to those emerging in 

 1911 was as 33 to 20, roughly speaking. Of the whole number of 

 individuals collected 33.4 per cent issued as adults in 1910 and 20.3 

 per cent in 1911. The time of collection of larvae in the summer 

 had no influence on the time of emergence of adults the following 

 spring. 



Table XXXIII. — Adult emergence of the first and second broods from band material col- 

 lected in 1909. 



Time during the day when moths emerged. — Observations on 100 

 moths were taken to determine what time of the day emergence was 

 most common. Jars in which pupae for emergence were kept were 

 examined four times a day for 14 days. The times of examination 

 were 9 a. m., 11 a. m., 1 p. m., and 4 p. m. Out of the 100 moths 

 only 9 issued between 4 p. m. and 9 a. m., 44 emerged between 9 a. m. 

 and 11 a. m., 42 between 11 a, m. and 1 p. m., and the remaining 5 

 between 1 p. m. and 4 p. m. Thus it seems that from 9 a. m. until 

 1 p. m. is the customary time of emergence. (See Table XXXIV.) 



