THE TRUMPET LEAF-MINER OF THE APPLE. 



25 



are greenish ^'ellow in color and somewhat transhicent. In some 

 lights they are irridescent, as are the empty egg shells. One or two 

 days previous to hatching they become comparatively conspicuous, 

 the embryo being central and the whitish margin showing plainly 

 against the dark color of the leaf. The empt}' shells are white and 

 mark the beginning of the mine. The average size (based on meas- 

 urements of five eggs) is 0,34: nnn. by 0.54 mm. The eggs are at- 

 tached closely to the leaf, usually in furrows along a veinlet, but 

 occur more or less Dromiscuousl3\ This stage has not previously been ■ 

 described. 



The larva. — The larva (fig. 0, c) upon natcnmg measures about 

 0.7 nnn. in length. The head is brownish, the rest of the body whit- 

 ish, excei^t cervical and anal shields, which are dusky. Full-grown 

 larva? will average 5 mm. in length by 1 mm. in width across the 

 third thoracic segment. The head is about 0.5 mm. wide, retractile, 

 bilobed. brownish or even black in color. The general color of the 

 body is light green, ex- 

 cept cervical and anal 

 shields, which are 

 brownish. The body is 

 flat, with the segments 

 verj' distinct, and taper- 

 ing caudad from the sec- 

 ond or third segment, 

 the last three segments 

 rounder and narrower 

 than the preceding. 

 Thoracic segments with 

 three long seta? on each side; succeeding segments with two setae on 

 each side varying considerably in length; at caudal end there are 

 numerous shorter curved seta?. Thoracic legs absent. Abdominal 

 and anal legs marked bj- five pairs of crochets (see fig. 9, c, d). 



The pupa. — The pupa is rather variable in size, the average of five 

 being 3.35 mm. by 0.95 mm. The color when first formed is rather 

 uniformly pea green, later becoming much darker, varying with age. 

 The general color of the thoracic region and head is dark brown to 

 blackish. The abdomen is dark green, yellowish caudad; the caudal 

 nuirgin of the rather distinct segments is brown. Leg and wing 

 sheaths free; tip of third pair of legs reaching to cephalic border of 

 third segment from last. The antennal sheaths reach the cephalic 

 margin of the fifth segment from last. The spiracles are on slight 

 conical elevations, and on each side of abdomen, ventrad of spiracles, 

 is a row of long slender seta", a i)air to each segment. Cremaster of 

 two stout short projections, slightly curved at tip. Head obtusely 

 10090— Bull. 6S— 09 3 



Fig 



9. — Trumpet leaf-miner of the apple ( Tischeria malifo- 

 liella): Adult, larva, pupa, details. 



