OF THE UNITED STATES, 421 



with vegetable impressions, as well as most of the other attendants 

 of that formation; this bason lays upon, and is surrounded by 

 primitive rocks. It is more than probable that within the limits 

 of so large a mass of primitive, more partial formations of se- 

 condary rocks may be found. 



A great variety of mineral substances is found in this pri- 

 mitive formation, such as garnets in the granite, from the size 

 of a pin head to the head of a child; staurotule; andaiusite; cpi- 

 dute in great abundance; tremolite; all the varieties of magnesian 

 rocks; emerald, touching graphic granite and disseminated in the 

 granite of a large extent of country; adularia; tourmaline; horn-' 

 blende; sulphate of baryles; arragonite &c. 



From the number already found, in proportion to the little 

 research that has as yet been employed, there is every reason 

 to suppose, that in so great an extent of crystalline formation, 

 almost every mineral which has been discovered in similar si- 

 tuations on the ancient continents, will be found on this. 



The metallic substances which are found in this primitive, 

 are generally extensive like the formation. Iron pyrites run 

 through vast fields, principally of gneiss, and mica-slate; magne- 

 tic iron ore forms vast beds, from ten to twelve feet thick, 

 generally in a hornblende rock, occupying the higher elevations, 

 as at Franconia, high lands of New-York; the Jerseys; Yellow 

 ;md Iron mountain, in the west of North Carolina, &c. &c. 

 Black, brown, and red hematitic iron ores are found in Connec- 

 ticut and New- York, &c. Crystals of octahedral iron ore are dis- 

 seminated in granite (some of which have polarity, as at Bruns- 

 wick) and in many varieties of the magnesian genus; black lead 

 exists in beds from six to twelve feet wide, traversing the States 

 ot New- York, Jersey, Virginia, Carolina, &c. Native and, grey 

 copper ore occur near Stanardsville and Nicholson's Gap, disse- 

 minated in a hornblende and epidote rock, bordering on the tran- 

 sition; molybdena is found at Brunswick, Maine; Chester, Penn- 

 sylvania; Virginia; North Carolina, &c. Arsenical pyrites have 

 been discovered in large quantities in the district of Maine • 

 rutile, and menachanite exist in a large bed, on the edge of 

 the primitive near sparta, in Jersey, having a large grained 

 marble, with menachanite and negnne mibeded in it on one side. 



