EUROPEAN FRUIT LECANIUM AND PEAR SCALE. Ee 
The results of tests in 1909 are given in Table III. 
Taste III.—Results of spraying for the European pear scale, San Jose, Cal., 1909. 
q | First examina- Second examina- 
® | tion, Mar. 3-4,| tion, Mar. 20, 
ra 1909. 1909. 
bs Be 
ate ee n wm ,| 2 n ls, 
Treatment. sprays | $ ars 4 = 3 25 < od Remarks. 
applied. | § |} 30/8 .|/92| 90/25 |)98 
: Fe ee SU eae ese aliases: l\iereeml| oa 
(e} o}]o Salen| 54/53 |Su 
a @ ae )es| 82/28 | ao | se 
os N 58 
3 | HRS (88/8818 |-88 
AY Zee ee Es A A a4 
1 | Distillate-oil mechan- | Mar. 1 | 32 | 620 | 516} 83} 498) 380 | 78 | Lichens mostly alive. 
ical mixture. 
2. | Caustie'soda-~. 5.25... ..-do....| 32 | 706 | 534| 75 | 844) 749) 88 Do. 
3 | Crude-oil emulsion. .... ...do....| 32 | 344 | 297 | 86] 599] 393 65 | Lichens all dead. 
4 | Commercial lime-sul- |...do....| 32 | 950 | 846 | 89] 709} 627} 88 | Lichens mostly dead. 
phur, No. 1 
Del Oba xe teoe soso e = ars ear -..d0....| 32 | 407 | 361 | 88 |1,029 |1,003 | 97 Do. 
6 | Homemade lime-sul- |...do....| 32 | 371 | 275 | 74] 673 | 504 74) Lichensnearlyallalive. 
phur. 
Vif |), (Cheryl ee 9 Sea a pe ee Pa ...-| 941 | 541 | 56} 685] 341] 49 | Lichens flourishing. 
Third examina- | Fourth examina- 
| tion, Apr. 16, 1909. | tion, Nov. 20, 1909. 
n n | eee n n ar 
= 2 | og 3 : 4 og 
Treatment. S E ae 2 By oc Ss 2 8 Remarks. 
3 ea lee |S,| ea) es | Sa 
Z, 24/83 /8o)88 | 835) ge 
+ BRI 8 |S8/8818 [es 
S&S 50/5 Ba| 50 ead 
Ay ZA A im A A a 
1 | Distillate-oil mechan- | 805} 789 98 | 759] 757 | 100 | Lichens mostly dead; bark soft. 
ical mixture. 
QiisCaustic: Sod apes s+ see 637 | 449 70 | 455) 449 98 | Lichens mostly dead; bark hard. 
3 | Crude-oil emulsion. ... - 648 | 613 94 | 207) 207) 100} Lichens mostly dead; bark soft. 
4 | Commercial lime-sul- | 536} 411 76 | 659 | 624 93 | Lichens mostly dead; bark slightly 
- phur, No. 1. hardened. 
OM SOLO cero cite acs asin ae 640 | 609 95 | 452] 449 99 | Lichens mostly dead; bark -hard. 
6 | Homemade lime-sul- | 652 | 514 79 |1,147 | 811 70 | Lichens mostly dead; bark slightly 
phur. hardened. 
Wel} @heckasc sae. toe sees wees of2 | 133 35 | 939 96 10 | Lichens flourishing. 
RESULTS. 
An examination of Table III shows that all of the sprays with the 
exception of the commercial lime-sulphur solution No. 1 and the well- 
cooked lime-sulphur washes proved very successful in killing the scale. 
All of them killed most of the lichens. The caustic-soda and borax 
treatments injured the trees to a certain extent and hardened the 
bark. In the case of the trees treated with distillate-oil emulsion and 
crude-oil emulsion the bark was normal and in good condition. 
As noted previously, on the apricots the distillate-oil sprays as well 
as those from crude oil seemed to possess distinct fungicidal proper- 
ties, as the foliage was as dark and healthy on these plats and remained 
on the trees as long as on the plats sprayed with commercial and 
cooked lime-sulphur washes. 
A comparison of the results of 1908 and 1909 shows much in favor 
of the latter year, which should be attributed to the better method of 
application and of making the sprays. It appears essential for good 
