46 DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 
TWO APPLE CATERPILLARS OTHER THAN THE CODLING MOTH. 
Early in the season of 1908 it was noticed that another small larva, 
the adults of which emerged from June 15 to 25, resembling very 
closely that of Enarmonia prunivora, was feeding in the apples and 
plums around Siloam Springs, Ark. Later in the season, July and 
August, adults were reared in numbers from larve found in young 
vigorous growing shoots and water sprouts of apple trees. Most of 
the injury to the twigs, however, was done in June and July. 
The many observations by the writers would indicate that a large 
part of the first-brood larvee matures in the fruit; that the remainder 
of the first brood and also the second brood mature in the young 
twigs and water sprouts; and that the larger part of the later brood 
goes back again to the fruit. Adults were secured from fruit from 
June 5 to 20. After June 23 no more specimens were reared from 
fruit until August 17, while during this period many adults were 
reared from the twigs. After August 10 to 15 there was a marked 
decrease in the twig injury and an increase in fruit infestation. 
Beginning August 17, many adults were reared from apples throughout 
the remainder of the season. Adults of this species were determined 
by Mr. August Busck as Epinotia pyricolana Murtf., and its injuries 
to fruit have not apparently been heretofore recorded. This species 
has been treated by Prof. E. D. Sanderson in the Twelfth Report of 
the Delaware College Agricultural Experiment Station (1900) pages 
194-199. 
During the season the writers were unable to obtain a single speci- 
men of Enarmonia prunivora from twigs of the apple, but all speci- 
mens taken proved to belong to Epinotia pyricolana. In the Ozark 
region and also in the vicinity of Washington, D. C., this species 
is far less abundant than either the codling moth or the lesser apple 
worm. 
COMPARATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THE LESSER APPLE WORM AND 
THE CODLING MOTH IN APPLES. 
The injury caused by the lesser apple worm early in the season is 
not so pronounced, nor are the larve so abundant as those of the 
codling moth, but by midsummer and fall there is a marked increase 
in the number of larvee of this species over that of the codling moth. 
This increase is often sufficient to bring the total number of lesser 
apple worms, in the fruit for the season, in excess of the codling-moth 
larvee. 
Records were kept of the comparative abundance of the two species 
by bringing in during the season infested fruit from unsprayed 
orchards and keeping the infested fruit collected on different dates 
in separate breeding cages. Each lot was examined daily for full- 
grown larvee and adults. 
