48 DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 
apple bin. No larve or pupe of Enarmonia were found. Larve 
have been found in great abundance in late fall im the partly devoured 
fruit of Crategus, on on the trees and on the ground. Many larve 
passed the winter in this fruit in our breeding jars, and this overwin- 
tering habit very probably obtains under natural conditions. (See 
Bleu ne 2.) 
From many observations on larve in fruit during the winter months, 
the difficulty of rearing moths in spring from overwintering material 
and the very light infestation of orchards by the first-brood larvee 
point to a high mortality among the larvee during the winter. 
Moths from overwintering larve of Enarmonia emerge about the 
same time as those of the codling moth. At Washington, D. C., 
moths emerged in 1908 from April 26 to 28 and during the first few 
days of May from quantities of Crateegus berries which had been kept 
out of doors in jars and cages over winter. Mr. Jenne secured adults 
April 18 to 30, 1909, from overwintering larve at Siloam Springs, 
Ark. Other moths emerged May 1, 7, and 9, 1909. 
At Washington, during the spring of 1909, moths emerged from 
the fruit of Crateegus maintained under out-of-door conditions as 
follows: April 6, 1; April 24, 3; April 26, 6; April 29, 3; April 30, 4; 
May 1, 6; May 3, 6; May 4, 9; May 7, 14; May 10, 29; May 12, 9; 
May 14, 7; May 17, 1; May 18, 3; May 22, 2; May 25, 3; May 26, 1: 
and May 28, 1, which was the last individual to appear. 
In the Ozark region the first brood of larve matures usually 
during the month of June; moths for the second-brood larvee emerged 
in 1908 from June 20 to July 30. Eggs deposited in breeding cages 
by these moths July 10 to 12 produced full-grown larvee July 30 to 
August 10, the adults emerging August 14 to 26. Eggs from these 
latter gave another brood of full-grown larvae September 19 to 30. 
Other adults, emerging later, deposited eggs as late as September 7 
to 14, the full-grown larve leaving the fruit October 3 to November 
6, when observations ceased, some larve being still at work in fruit.¢ 
This is strong evidence of three full generations annually for the Ozark 
region. Since many moths had emerged from first-brood larvee 
belore July 10 to 12, when the above individual records began, it 
is possible that some of the earlier ones emerged in time to give rise 
to a partial fourth brood of larve. 
LIFE CYCLE AND DURATION OF STAGES. 
THE EGG. 
Individual records kept for 120 eggs during July, August, and Sep- 
tember gave the minimum time of incubation as four and one-sixth 
days and the maximum five and one-half days. Most of the eggs 
« Moths emerged as late as September 26, but no records were kept of eggs deposited 
after September 14. 
