CODLING MOTH IN NORTHWESTERN PENNSYLVANIA. 81 
FIRST-BROOD LARVA3. 
As has been already stated, some of the first-brood larve do not 
transform with the rest of the brood, but spin up for the winter, hiber- 
nating along with second-brood larve. In the rearing of the codling 
moth separate observations were made for the two sets of larve, 
which are here treated separately as ‘‘transforming”’ and ‘ wintering”’ 
larvee. 
Time of hatching—In the rearing cages the first larve hatched 
June 30, but these were not from eggs of the earliest moths, as the 
latter failed to oviposit in captivity. Considering, however, the 
emergence and oviposition records of the moths, previously described, 
it is very probable that eggs occurred in the field on June 23 and 
continued to appear until the end of July. In the rearing cages the 
last larvee of the brood hatched June 22, while in the field two newly 
hatched larvee were found in apples as late as July 25. 
Number of larve developing in each apple—In the rearing of the 
codling moth great numbers of young larve entered the same apple, 
but when the apples were examined at the time of maturity of the 
larve only one or, rarely, two or three larve were found in the 
same fruit. In orchards usually only a single larva is found in each 
apple, although the apples may show several empty eggshells and 
entrance places of the young larve. The writer observed, on July 
2, 1909, in the course of rearing the grape-berry moth (Polychrosis 
viteana Clemens), how a newly hatched larva devoured another of 
its own kind, both having emerged at about the same time. It is 
very probable that where larvee of the codling moth occur in num- 
bers many of them meet a similar fate. 
Period of feeding of transforming larve.—tIn Table XXII are given 
the feeding periods of 53 individual larvee which were reared in. 
cages. On an average the larve remained in the fruit 26 days, a 
single larva remained 37 days, while the shortest period in the fruit 
was 17 days. (See Table XXIII.) 
Period of feeding of wintering larve of the first brood.—On an aver- 
age the wintering larvee of the first brood remained 31 days in the 
fruit, while the transforming larve remained only 26 days. (See 
Table XVI.) Records of the feeding period for about 200 winter- 
ing larvee were taken from observations in rearing cages, as shown 
in Table XIV. 
