EUROPEAN FRUIT LECANIUM AND PEAR SCALE. 157 
The results of tests in 1909 are given in Table ITI. 
Taste III.—Results of spraying for the European pear scale, San Jose, Cal., 1909. 
qj | First examina- | Second examina- | 
® | tion, Mar. 3-4, tion, Mar. 20, 
& 1909. 1909. 
Date na H |e ,| a na Core 
Treatment. sprays 3 mos 4 os ard | Bee Remarks. 
applied. | 5 |22/2_./23/ 22 | Sg | &8 
By | Sigel ealenl ga | BS |e 
ZO 2 ea es| 84/28 | 2s ss 
3 | S/58/s |83/58/8 | Eo 
- AY ZIG |Q@ | Z ZA AY 
| o2 a 
1 | Distillate-oil mechan- | Mar. 1 | 32] 620 | 516) 83} 498] 380} 78 | Lichens mostly alive. 
| ical mixture. 
2)\ Caustic sodas--.....--- .--d0....| 32.) 706 | 584 | 75] 844] 749) 88 Do. 
3 | Crude-oil emulsion. --. - ---do....| 32 | 344 | 297 | 86} 599 | 393] 65] Lichens all dead. 
4 | Commercial lime-sul- |...do....| 32 | 950 | 846 | 89 | 709 | 627) 88] Lichens mostly dead. 
phur, No. 1. 
5 | BOVE oie tos ee aoe mee Or seis 32) | 40 7e|NSoL 88 |1,029 |1,003 | 97 Do. 
6 | Homemade  lime-sul- |...do....| 32 | 371 | 275 | 74| 673 | 504] 74 | Lichensnearly all alive. 
pbur. 
AMMGNGC. Shaws 552 2s SSPE IS EAT A ----| 941 | 541 | 56} 685] 341 | 49] Lichens flourishing. 
Third examina- | Fourth examina- 
| tion, Apr. 16, 1909. | tion, Nov. 20, 1909. 
n n | eee n n ay 
| a re} |e od 
Treatment. szis oe se S.. os Remarks. 
: Ss eis) || Syl Mabe ah eek SENS 
3 Bea ae | So | sa | as | Sn 
4 ee or ae Wea ellie ge 
= |sei¢E-)s S|saiaq os 
a} So]s Ral so | 3s Da 
+ | A A | & va A a 
1 Distillate-oil mechan- | 805 | 789 98 | 759 | 757 | 100 | Lichens mostly dead; bark soft. 
ical mixture. 
AMA CaIstiG Soda = see ee | 637 | 449 70 | 455 | 449 98 | Lichens mostly dead; bark hard. 
3 | Crude-oil emulsion. ..-. 648 | 613 94 | 207 | 207 100} Lichens mostly dead; bark soft. 
4} Commercial lime-sul- | 536) 411 76 | 659) 624 93 | Lichens mostly dead; bark slightly 
phur, No. 1. hardened. 
Dy |S OLAK¢= ovate ovayeise se elo 640 | 609 95 | 452) 449 99 | Lichens mostly dead; bark hard. 
6 | Homemade  lime-sul- | 652 | 514 79 }1,147 | 811 70 | Lichens mostly dead; bark slightly 
phur. hardened. 
CMEC S ys Sate ar.o 3 Sic 372 | 133 35 | 939 96 10 | Lichens flourishing. 
RESULTS. 
An examination of Table IIT shows that all of the sprays with the 
exception of the commercial lime-sulphur solution No. 1 and the well- 
cooked lime-sulphur washes proved very successful in killing the scale. 
All of them killed most of the lichens. The caustic-soda and borax 
treatments injured the trees to a certain extent and hardened the 
bark. In the case of the trees treated with distillate-oil emulsion and 
crude-oil emulsion the bark was normal and in good condition. 
As noted previously, on the apricots the distillate-oil sprays as well 
as those from crude oil seemed to possess distinct fungicidal proper- 
ties, as the foliage was as dark and healthy on these plats and remained 
on the trees as long as on the plats sprayed with commercial and 
cooked lime-sulphur washes. 
A comparison of the results of 1908 and 1909 shows much in favor 
of the latter year, which should be attributed to the better method of 
application and of making the sprays. It appears essential for good 
