EUROPEAN FRUIT LECANIUM AND PEAR SCALE. 
Taste IV.—Comparative cost of spray materials. 
159 
| | rahe 
; | Rem. Cost of | Cost per | Cost per | Cost per | Sacuule 
Treatment. - -—- ; ——————| ingredi- | 100 gal- | diluted tree ket 
Article. | Quantity. ps ons. | gallon. | (prune). “oj ). 
| | = = 
| | 
6 per cent distillate nt Lee SOT ee 6 gallons.---)] g 49 ’ : : ; 
oil (mechanical {Caustic soda......- 2 pounds. - YW \s0.53 \$0.0053 | $0.0212 | $0.0265 
mixture). WraterionS2 Ste 0.22 94 gallons. . 
Soncentrated emul- | 11 gallons. - \ | | 
6 per cent distillate- |} sion. 5786 | kaon | 19 | ah 3 
a emulsion. |) Caustic soda... --- 2 pounds. . Sit Afeks eee Nees ly eee a aes - 
NOWebepeece 8 sense a 89 gallons. . 
5 per cent distillate- Concentrated emul-| 9 gallons. . an | 
s sion. 7 ne 5) ‘ 2 
oil ean a and Careintcodaeeee ee 10 pounds. ..| 55 \ 1. 023 . 0102 . 0408 0511 
Cane SOC! R212) Ge ns Sas 91 gallons. . - 
4 per cent commercial | (py ylsion Genallonseen| 
we eee eee eee 3 ce ---! ~ 
ati emul- isis Soman dae 924 gallons. .| 1.00 1.00 | O01 04 05 
4 per cent commercial i aati | | 
stillate-oil emul- |} Emulsion..-......-. 32 gallons. . - ae oye me 55 ve 
a ne 994 gallons. | | 1.326 | 1.326 | .0132 0528 066 
soda. | | 
ON ee seep onmedenee 12 gallons. . -| 3964 | 
1 i ea Exar il ee aes py are --|\ (0875 5493 | .0054 0219 | 0274 
|| Water eal tly ape ee 88 gallons. . 1354 
IN@SIM mons =ncQSse 20 pounds. - . ax S| | | 
Resin-soda wash....- | Gepsug aces See acer ae “3 .33 1.011 | .0101 0404 | 0505 
WWII See ate acne 100 gallons. 2 Jit 
so) 1 Concentrated solu- | 11 gallons. - - 
Commerelat ime sul: tion : 2.20 2.20 022 | .088 1 
phur No. i (1-8). Waters. 2 -sa0000 88 Ballons. Lo 
pi Himes e ao 3s cess 40 pounds. - - 2 
Honie7uade luge: {sion es ORE er ee 30 pounds. _. one \ 1.145 0145 058 0725 
pour. Nite ieee ae ess ee 100 gallons. . ees 
Caustic soda.........: cansuc soda......- fog ealions =e \ 66 66 0066 0264 |. 033 
nt meee 5. 523. oo esieaas cents ST gneuItOne a: é 2.32 | 2.32 | .0232 | .0928| .116 
SUMMARY. 
Distillate-oil emulsion at 5 per cent and 6 per cent strengths, with 
and without caustic soda; crude-oil emulsion at 1 
and resin-soda 
ical mixture) ; 
2 per cent strength; 
wash are effective in controlling the European fruit 
Lecanium and in cleaning up the trees from lichens and do not injure 
the trees when applied as a winter treatment. 
Distillate-oil emulsion at 5 per cent and 6 per cent strengths, with 
and without caustic soda; distillate oil at 6 per cent strength (mechan- 
and crude-oil emulsion at 12 per cent strength are 
effective in controlling the European pear scale, destroy the lichens, 
and do not injure the trees when applied as a winter treatment. 
Caustic-soda and creosote-oil emulsion sprays control both of these 
scales and destroy the lichens, but are injurious to the tree. 
Lime-sulphur and borax sprays are not so efficient in controlling 
these scales, especially the European fruit Lecanium, 
distillate-oil and crude-oil emulsions, and borax acts on the trees in 
the same way as does caustic soda. 
Distillate-oil and crude-oil emulsions appear to have distinct fungi- 
cidal properties aside from their insecticidal value. 
as 
are the 
