THE DESTRUCTIVE LEAFHOPPER. 89 
of the body, the head appearing considerably larger in proportion, 
and this proportion decreases as the young insect develops. The 
head is broad, the eyes prominent, and there are two distinct black 
spots on the front portion of the head surrounded by a lighter circle, 
and the body is marked with grayish dots both on the thorax and 
abdomen. As the nymph grows the wing-pads develop at the sides 
and in the final stage extend back over the base of the abdomen. 
Fic. 21.—The destructive leafhopper (A thysanus ezitiosus): a, Adult female, dorsal view; b, head and pro- 
notum of male; c, face of female; d, female genitalia; e, male genitalia; f, wing; g, eggs dissected from 
female; h, é, j, three stages of nymphal growth. Allenlarged. (Original.) 
These characters may best be seen in figure 21, which includes three 
nymphal stages. 
LIFE HISTORY. 
The adults of this species are found until late in autumn or even 
on warm days in winter, and in the Southern States doubtless remain 
active during a large part of the winter. It is probable, however, 
that the majority lay eggs there in late autumn or early spring. The 
nymphs develop in spring and mature individuals are to be found early 
in summer, and there are quite certainly two broods for all of the 
Northern States and probably three or more for the southern portion 
of the country. The exact limits of broods is not known and can not 
be readily determined because there is so much irregularity in the 
