THE CLOVER LEAFHOPPER. 103 
Stage V. 
Length 2.26 mm. (average of 10 specimens). 
This stage is rather broader than IV. Head, thorax, and wing pads pale green; 
abdomen dull yellow; eyes dull brownish. The wing pads extend nearly to the 
caudal border of the fourth abdominal segment. Antenna; [ and II pale green, 
remainder dusky. 
DISTRIBUTION. 
The species is universally distributed over a considerable part of 
the United States. Records of collection have been made for prac- 
tically all the points at which collecting has been done in the Missis- 
sippi Valley and Atlantic slope regions. 
TREATMENT. 
The control of the inse¢t is rendered more difficult because of the 
large variety of plants upon which it may feed, and its ready migra- 
tion from one to the other. Upon potatoes, alfalfa, and other low- 
growing crops the use of kerosene spray is perhaps the most available 
direct treatment, but for large areas this is a rather expensive process. 
Moreover, its most successful application is limited to times when the 
crop is young or short enough so that the spray may reach thefoliage 
thoroughly. The treatment of apple trees or nursery rows, where it is 
often especially injurious, must be accomplished by the use of espe- 
cially devised hopperdozers or shields carried along the rows in such 
manner as to dislodge the hopper, or by the use of spraying machinery 
especially devised for this kind of application. 
Tue CLOvER LEAFHOPPER. 
(Agallia sanguinolenta Prov.) 
The clover leafhopper (Agallia sanguinolenta Prov.) (fig. 29) is one 
of the most abundant and widespread species of American jassids, but 
very little has been done in the matter of working out its habits and 
life history and that little within the last two decades. It was described 
by a Canadian entomologist, Abbé Provancher, in 1872 and later, 
1876, was again described by Prof. Uhler and has been several times 
referred to in later papers under the name Bythoscopus siccifolius 
Uhler. Possibly some of the references to novellus Say included this 
form as it must have been an abundant species in earlier days. It 
was treated as a grass insect in 1890 in an article by the writer. It 
was discussed, included, and figured as a sugar-beet insect by Prof. 
Bruner in a bulletin on sugar-beet insects in 1891? under the name 
Agallia siccifolia, and in November of the same year the writer treated 
of and figured its various stages as a clover pest and also mentioned 
it * as a sugar-beet pest under the name now used. As this account 
gives substantially what is known concerning the life history and 
1 Bul. 22, 0.s., Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., 1890. 3 Bul. 15, Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta., 1891. 
2 Bul. 16, Nebr. Agr. Exp. Sta., Apr., 1891. 
