( ix ) 
cover a mode of banking effeCtual azainft the floods that often ruin the 
beft marfh-meadows: in open fituations a clofe row of fome aquatic trees 
beyond the bank is indifpenfible for breaking the force of a ftormy tide. 
We want graffes that will flourifh in dry and fandy foils: fuch f.¢. as 
were lately introduced in Spain, and are faid to have proved fo beneficial 
to that dry and warm country. 
The heat of our fummers is unfavourable to grafs, where the ground, 
though fertile, has mot a degree of moifture; it is therefore advifeable to 
try, whether barley, rye, or wheat, if cut young, would make good 
hay; and whether a fecond crop or the fucceeding pafture, may help to 
make a full compenfation for an eventual harveft? I remember to have 
heard this method much recommended by fome cultivators ina European 
country. ‘The divifion of pafture grounds by enclofures is generally 
neglected. Clean feeding is an advantage of admitting cattle, horfes, and 
fheep in rotation, that deferves attention. 
The value of land, and clofe neighbourhood, makes good fences very 
neceffary in old fettlements. Worm-fencing and fimilar expedients of 
infant cultivation, fhould never be feen; they occafion lofles, vexation 
and contention. ‘The regular frames of rails and boards would be much 
improved by hardening againft heat and moifture: to render the lower 
part of the poft more durable, burning, encrufting with mortar, and 
foaking in falt water, are expedients partly ufed, and worthy of trial. 
Live hedges are in general preferable to any, but yet very rare; though 
the country prefents many fhrubs of promifing qualities. 
The vaft domains of the United States can vie with any country in 
the variety, utility, and beauty of trees and fhrubs. Our ftately forefts 
area national treafure, deferving the folicitous care of the patriotic phi- 
Jofopher and politician. Hitherto they have been too much abandoned 
to the axes of rude and thoughtlefs wood-choppers. What perfon of 
fenfe and feeling can without indignation behold millions of young oaks 
and hickories deftroyed, to make bonfires in open fmoaky houfes, or 
trucked inthe cities for foreigntoys! fome parts of Europe were thus 
laid waftein former centuries; and the prefent generations muft with 
great labour and expenfe repair the ravages of their forefathers. In ma- 
ny parts of this country a prefervation and encreafe of the timber for fuel 
and other domeftic ufes renders thefe queries important.—What trees 
are of the quickeft growth? at what age do they encreafe moft? what is 
the proper diftance between them? what is the beft mode of pruning, for 
b promoting 
