N°. XXII. 
AThermometrical Fournal of the temperature of the atmof~ 
phere and Sea, on a voyage to and from Oporto, witd 
explanatory obfervations thereon. 
Philadelphia, Sept. 18, 1792... 
BT. Re 
Read Sept. N the roth of June laft Capt. William Bil- 
pa ic Meth lings of this city, commander of. the fhip. 
Apollo, prefented the journals of his voyages.to and from 
Oporto, for the infpeétion of the American Philofophical 
Society. As they were not accompanied.by any explana- 
tory memoir, I have extracted from them what alone dif- 
fers from fea reckoning in general, and inclofe a thermo- 
metrical journal of the temperature of the atmo!phere and 
fea, which evidently appears. to be the obje& of the com~ 
munication. As it was proper to fhow that thefe obfer- 
yations were not imaginary, and had arifen in the courfe 
of his voyages, Capt. Billings prefented his whole jour- 
nals, confifting of 73 pages in folio, with all the detail. 
of a log book, which in original are depofited among 
the fociety’s papers. * | 
As the experiments of this intelligent navigator, appear 
to be repetitions of thofe I made near two years before, which. 
are related in my memoir No. X. page 82 of this volume,, 
I beg leave to make the following obfervations on them. 
By thefe journals it appears that in June, 1791, the 
water on the coaft was at the temperature of 61°. by Fah- 
renheit, and in the Gulph ftream at_77°, By my journals 
it will be foundthatin November, 1789, the water on the 
coat 
* The temperature of the water was tried feveral times every day, but in this extract it 
was thought proper only to notice the important changes, a fuccellion of fimilar refults being 
thought unneceflary, 
