WHITE, JANUARY 15, 1904. 61 



4. The results reported by others regarding the causal relation 

 between Bacillus alvei and "foul brood" were questionable. 



5. The spores found in the brood dead of American foul brood 

 would not grow on the media commonly used in the laboratory, 

 suggesting the possibility of a new and interesting species. 



6. The disease which was being diagnosed as "foul brood" is not 

 the foul brood studied by Cheyne, but is another disease now known 

 as American foul brood. 



7. Aspergillus pollini was not present in the samples labeled 

 "piclded brood," meaning that the condition was not Howard's 

 "pickled brood," or that he had made another error in his study of 

 the condition. 



8. No colonies of Bacillus alvei appeared on the plates made from 

 the brood of two healthy apiaries, but colonies of that species did 

 appear in considerable numbers on plates made from brood taken 

 from a third apiary which was considered healthy, but located m an 

 infected district. 



9. Lastly, much work would have to be done on bee diseases before 

 the confusion could be cleared up and the causes demonstrated. 



White, January 15, 1904. 



In 1904 another paper ^ appeared givmg the results of some 

 investigations on bee diseases made during the summer of 1903. 

 The work was a continuation of that done the preceding year. 



It was desirable to know whether Bacillus alvei was constantly 

 present in the samples of the so-called black brood. If this species 

 could be found in large numbers in every sample of this disease and 

 not m other conditions, it would be a valuable means of diagnosing 

 the disease as well as suggesting a possible etiological relation 

 between the organism and the disease. 



Toward establishing the constant presence of Bacillus alvei in the 

 foul brood of Cheshire and Cheyne (the so-called black brood) 

 26 samples were examined and Bacillus alvei was found in all of 

 them. Twenty-four of the 26 samples were sent by Mr. West, 

 but no species was found in any of them which was suspected as 

 being Bacillus milii. These bacteriological findings, therefore, 

 corroborated the conclusion of the preceding year that the so-called 

 black brood is simply the foul brood of Cheshire and Cheyne. 



Inasmuch as the efforts to produce foul brood with cultures of 

 Bacillus alvei failed to give positive results in 1902 (p. 50), fTirther 

 attempts were made to determme the pathogenesis of tliis species for 



> WhitP, G. F., January 15, 1904. The further investigation of the diseases affecting the apiaries in the 

 State of New York. State of New York, Department of Agricullure, Eleventh Annual Report of the 

 Commlssiouer of Agriculture, for the year 1903, pp. 103-114. 



