[697] INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 403 
Sable, 8 fathoms. Not observed on the eastern part of the coast of 
Maine, nor in the Bay of Fundy. Very common in Long Island Sound, 
Buzzard’s Bay, Vineyard Sound; along both shores of Long Island; 
New Jersey, and southward; low-water to 12 fathoms. Southern part 
of Saint George’s Bank, 20 fathoms, (S. I. Smith). 
Fossil in the Post-Pliocene of North and South Carolina; and in the 
Pliocene of South Carolina. 
Linné gave “ Pennsylvania” as one of the localities for his A. ephippi- 
um, and, therefore, probably confounded our shell with the European 
species, as most subsequent writers have done. Gould has well described 
our species in its different states, under the names quoted above, fig- 
ures 499 of the second edition (our figures 241,242), represent the ordi- 
nary adult form, which is everywhere abundant on the southern shores 
of New England. The specimens from Eastport, Maine, referred to A. 
ephippium by Gould, were undoubtedly the smooth or squamose variety 
of the following species. 
ANOMIA ACULEATA Gmelin. Plate XXXII, figs. 239, 240, 240%. (p. 
495.) 
Syst. Nat., p. 3346, 1790; Gould, Invert., ed. i, p. 139, fig. 90; ed. ii, p. 204, fig. 
498. 
Long Island to Labrador, and northern coasts of Europe. Off Ston- 
ington, Connecticut, 4 to 5 fathoms rocky; off Gay Head, 10 fathoms, 
scarce ; very common in Casco Bay, Bay of Fundy, and northward, low- 
water to 80 fathoms. Greenport and Montauk, Long Island (S. Smith). 
Varieties of this species occur frequently in the Bay of Fundy and 
Casco Bay, in which the aculeate scales are more or less abortive, or 
even entirely absent, leaving the surface either nearly smooth or irregu- 
larly squamose, but such varieties are easily distinguished from the 
young of the preceding species. 
This may possibly be a variety of the true ephippiwm of Europe, as 
supposed by many writers, but 1 believe it to be perfectly distinct from 
A. glabra. 
OSTREA VIRGINIANA Lister. (pp. 310, 472.) 
Favanne, Conch., Plate 41, fig C 2, 1780 (t. Gould); Gould, Invert., ed. i, p. 1365 
ed. ii, p. 202; Verrill, Amer. Jour. Science, vol. iii, p. 213, 1872. Ostrea Virgin- 
ica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., p. 3336, 1790 ; Lamarck, Anim. sans Vert., ed. ii, vol. vii, 
p. 225. Ostrea borealis Lamarck, op. cit., p. 220; Gould, Invert., ed. i, p. 137; 
ed. ii, p. 203; Dekay, op. cit., p. 169, Plate 10, figs. 203, 204. Ostrea Canadensis 
Bruguiére, Encycl. Meth., Plate 180, figs. 1-3; Lamarck, op. cit., p. 226; Han- 
ley, Recent Shells, p. 299. 
Florida and the northen shores of the Gulf of Mexico to Massachu- 
setts Bay; local farther north, off Damariscotta, Maine, and in the 
southern part of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, at Prince Edward 
Island, in Northumberland Straits, and Bay of Chaleur. Not found 
along the eastern shores of Maine, nor in the Bay of Fundy. Abundant 
