408 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [702] 
CYNTHIA ECHINATA Stimpson. (p. 495.) 
Invert. of Grand Menan, p. 20, 1854; Binney, op. cit., p. 18, Plate 23, fig. 326; 
Verrill, Amer. Jour. Science, vol. i, p. 96, 1871; vol. iii, p. 213, 1872. Cynthia 
hirsuta (young) Agassiz, op. cit., 1850; Binney, in Gould, Invert., ed. ii, p. 20, 
Plate 24, fig.336. Ascidia echinata Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. xii, p. 1087, 1767. 
Ascidia echinata Fabr., Fauna Greenl., p. 331, 1780; Rathke, Zodlogica Danica, 
vol. iv, p.10, Plate 130, fig. i, 1806; Méller, Index Molluse. Greenl., in Kroyer’s 
Nat. Tidsskrift, vol. iv, p. 95. 
Martha’s Vineyard to Greenland, Iceland, and northern coasts of 
Europe. Off Martha’s Vineyard, 10 fathoms, stony, rare; common in 
Casco Bay and Bay of Fundy, low-water to 109 fathoms, attached to 
stones, shells, and other ascidians. Saint George’s Bank (S. I. Smith). 
Banks of Newfoundland (T. M. Coffin). Labrador (Packard). 
BoLtTENIA. Species undetermined. 
Boltenia reniformis Dekay, Nat. Hist. New York, Mollusca, p. 260, Plate 34, fig, 324 
(non Macleay). 
New York Harbor (t. Dekay.) 
The description and figure of the single poor specimen seen by Dekay 
are insufficient for its determination. I have not met with the genus 
south of Cape Cod, and the locality given may possibly be incorrect. 
PEROPHORA VIRIDIS Verrill. (p. 388.) 
American Jour. Science, ser. iii, vol. ji, p. 359, 1871. 
Colonies composed of numerous nearly sessile individuals, which are 
small, about 2.5™" to 3™™ high, connected by slender stolons, and 
thickly covering the surfaces over which they creep. Test compressed, 
seen from the side, scarcely higher than broad, oval, elliptical, or sub- 
circular, often one-sided or distorted, with a short pedicle, or subsessile 
at base. Branchial orifice large, terminal; anal lateral or subterminal, 
both a little prominent, with about 16 angular lobes, alternately larger 
and smaller. Test transparent; mantle beautifully reticulated with 
bright yellowish green; intestine yellow. 
Vineyard Sound, 2 to 12 fathoms, on alge and ascidians, common ; 
Little Harbor, Wood’s Hole, on piles of wharves, at and below low- 
water mark, very abundant. 
BOTRYLLUS GOULDII Verrill. Plate X XXIII, figs. 252, 253. (p. 375.) 
Amer. Jour. Science, ser. iii, vol. i, figs. 14, 19,1871. Botryllus stellatus Gould, 
Rep. on Inv. of Mass., Ist ed., p. 320,1841 (non Pallas). Botryllus Schlosseri Bin- 
ney, in Gould, Inv. Mass., ed. ii, p.3, Plate 23, fig. 319, 1870 (non Pallas); Dall, 
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xiii, p. 255,1870. 
This species commonly forms thick, fleshy, translucent incrustations 
on sea-weeds and zodphytes, the form which it assumes depending upon 
the shape of the object. The masses are often several inches in length 
and half.an inch or morein width. The animals are short oval, as seen 
at the surface, and form cireular or elliptical groups, of from five to six- 
teen or more, surrounding circular or elliptical cloacal orifices. The 
“marginal tubes” or buds are numerous in all parts of the common 
