[709] INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 415 
(2?) ALCYONIDIUM GELATINOSUM Johnston. (p. 496.) 
Brit. Zoiph., ed. i, p. 300, Plate 41, figs. 1-3; ed. ii, p. 358, Plate 68, figs. 1-3; 
Smitt, op. cit., p. 497, Plate 12, figs. 9-13. Aleyonium gelatinosum Linné, 
Fauna Suec., ed. ii, p.538; Syst. Nat., ed. xii, p. 1295. 
Gulf of Saint Lawrence ; Spitzbergen to Great Britain. A few small 
specimens, apparently belonging to this species, were dredged in the 
deeper parts of Vineyard Sound. 
VESICULARIA CUSCUTA Thompson. (p. 404.) 
Zobl. Res., mem. v, p. 97, Plate 2, figs. 1-4; Smitt, op. cit., p. 501, Plate 13, figs. 
28, 34, 35. Sertularia cuscuta Linné, ed. xii, p. 1311. Valkeria cuscuta Flem- 
ing, Brit. Anim., p. 550; Johnston, Brit. Zoéph., ed. i, p. 252; ed. ii, p. 374. 
New Jersey, northward; northern coasts of Europe to Great Britain. 
In Vineyard Sound it was found on hydroidsattached to floating eel-grass, 
and was also dredged in 6 to 8 fathoms, on alge, Sertularia argentea, 
and other hydroids ; Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey, low water, on Ser- 
tularia pumila ; Casco Bay, on piles of wharf. 
VESICULARIA GRACILIS Verrill. (p. 389.) 
Bowerbankia gracilis Leidy, Journal Acad. Nat. Sciences, Philad., ser. ii, vol. iii 
p. 142, Plate 11, fig. 38, 1855. 
Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey, to Vineyard Sound. Point Judith, 
Rhode Island (Leidy). Vineyard Sound, 6 to 8 fathoms, on hydroids. 
VESICULARIA DICHOTOMA Verrill, new sp. (p. 404.) 
Stems clustered, czspitose, usually one or two inches high, slender, 
flexible, white, and repeatedly forking. The branches stand in differ- 
ent planes, so as often to produce miniature tree-like or shrub-like forms, 
many of which generally arise close together, forming crowded tufts 
upon rocks, oyster-shells, or alge. When the stem or a branch divides, 
there is a joint formed at the base of each of the forks, by the inter- 
position of a very short segment of a dark brownish, opaque substance, 
which contrasts strongly with the white translucent substance of the 
rest of the stem. Zodids arranged closely in two subspiral rows of six 
to twelve each, just below each fork of the stem and branches, and not 
occupying half the length of the internodes, which are naked and 
smooth below the crowded clusters of the zodids; these are smooth, 
greenish brown, broad oval or obovate in contraction, subeylindrical or 
elliptical in expansion, entirely sessile, and but little narrowed at the 
base, and so crowded as to appear imbricated. The tentacles are eight, 
long and slender, in expansion usually more than half the length of the 
cell. 
Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey, on oysters; Savin Rock, at low- 
water; off New Haven Light, 4 to 6 fathoms, shelly and rocky ; Thim- 
ble Islands, in rocky tide-pools; Norwalk, Connecticut, on oysters. 
This is probably the species recorded by Dr. Leidy from Great Egg 
Harbor under the name of Valkeria pustulosa, which is an allied Eu- 
ropean species. 
