[713] INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 419 
Escharina. 
ESCHARIPORA PUNCTATA Smitt. (p. 424.) 
Op. cit., for 1867, Appendix, p. 4, (separate copies, p. 4), Plate 24, figs. 4-7, 1868. 
Lepralia punctata Hassal, Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii, p. 368, Plate 9, fig. 7; vol. ix, 
p. 407; Johnston, Brit. Zodph., ed. ii, pp. 312 and 478, Plate 55, fig. 1. 
Vineyard Sound, northward; northern coasts of Europe to Southern 
Norway and Great Britain. Vineyard Sound, 6 to 12 fathoms, on 
shells, ete., common. Saint George’s Bank (S. I. Smith). (?) Fossil in 
the Post-Pliocene of Canada (Dawson). 
ESCHARELLA VARIABILIS Verrill. Plate XX XIII, fig. 256. (p. 419.) 
Yscharina variabilis Leidy, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, ser. ii, vol. iii, p. 
142, Plate 11, fig. 37. Lepralia variolosa Desor, op. cit., p. 66, 1848 (not of 
Johnston). 
South Carolina to Cape Cod and Massachusetts Bay. Very abundant 
in Great Egg Harbor; Long Island Sound; Buzzard’s Bay; Vineyard 
Sound; Nantucket Harbor; low-water to 25 fathoms. Saint George’s 
Bank, 20 fathoms, (S. I. Smith). Fort Macon, North Carolina (coll. Dr. 
Yarrow). 
MOLLIA HYALINA Smitt. Plate XXXIV, fig. 264. (p. 420.) 
Op. cit., for 1867, Ap., p. 16, (separate copies, p. 16), Plate 25, figs. 84-87, 1868. Cel- 
lepora hyalina Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. xii, p. 1286. Lepralia hyalina Johnston, 
Brit. Zodph., ed. ii, p. 301, Plate 54, fig. 1. Cellepora nitida Fabricius, Fauna 
Greenl., p. 435, 1780. 
Long Island Sound to Greenland; Spitzbergen to Great Britain. 
Common near New Haven and at Thimble Island, in tide-pools and from 
1 to 6 fathoms, on alge; Watch Hill, Rhode Island, 4 to 5 fathoms; 
Buzzard’s Bay and Vineyard Sound, abundant; Casco Bay; Bay. of 
Fundy, and northward. Fossil in the Post-Pliocene of Canada (Daw- 
son). 
(?) LEPRALIA PALLASIANA Busk. (p. 496.) 
Catal. Mar. Polyzoa, Brit. Mus., part ii, p. 81, Plate 83, figs. 1, 2; Smitt, op. cit» 
for 1567, Ap., p. 19, (separate copies, p. 19), Plate 26, fig. 93, 1868. Eschara Pal- 
lasiana Moll, die Seerinde, p. 64, Plate 3, fig. 13 (t. Smitt). Lepralia pediostoma 
Hassal, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii, p. 368, Plate 9, fig. 4; vol. ix, p. 407; 
Johnston, Brit. Zodph., ed. ii, p. 315, Plate 55, fig. 7. Escharina pediostoma 
Leidy, op. cit., p. 141, Plate 10, fig. 23, 1855. ’ 
Rhode Island, northward; northern coasts of Europe to Southern 
Norway and Great Britain. Watch Hill, Rhode Island, 4 to 5 fathoms, 
on alge; Vineyard Sound, 6 to 14 fathoms, on Phyllophora and other 
algve, shells, ete. 
Our specimens do not agree perfectly with the European form. Close 
to the proximal border of the aperture there is a large, but not very 
prominent, broad-based spine, or subconical process, which is not 
conspicuous in a view from above, but is prominent in a side-view. In 
