INTRODUCTION. IxXxxil 
2. Genus VIRGULARIA. 
Lamarck, Hist. des Anim. sans Verteb. vol. ii, p. 429, 1816. 
Differs from Pennatula by the length of its shaft and the shortness of its pinnules, 
which assume the form of lunate lobes, or simple transverse strize. Axis cylindrical, 
calcareous, very long, slender, tapering, and presenting in its transverse section a radiate 
structure. 
Typ. sp., Virgularia mirabilis, Lamk. ; Pennatula mirabilis, Miller, Zool. Danica, vol. i, tab. xi. 
3. Genus PAVONARIA. 
Cuvier, Regne Animal, vol. iv, p. 85, 1816; Funicularia, Lamarck, op. cit., p. 423, 1816. 
Polype mass virgate; the polypi not retractile, arranged on one side of the stem. 
Axis quadrangular, long, and very tapering. 
Typ. sp., Pavonaria quadrangularis, Cuv. ; Pennatula antennina, Lin. ; Johnston, Brit. Zooph., tab. xxxi. 
4. Genus GRAPHULARIA. 
Corallum styliform, straight, very long, cylindroid towards the lower extremity, sub- 
tetrahedral at the upper part, and presenting on one side a broad shallow furrow. — Trans- 
verse section showing the existence of a thin coating, and a radiate structure in the body 
of the coral. 
Typ. sp., Graphularia Wetherelli, nob. ; Pennatula, Sowerby and Wetherell, in Geol. Trans. 2d series, 
vol. v, part i, p. 136, tab. viii. fig. 2. 
5. Genus UMBELLULARIA. 
Cuvier, Regne Animal, vol. iv, 1807. 
Resembling Pavonaria, but having all the polypi collected in a terminal bunch at the 
extremity of the stem. Axis quadrangular and twisted. 
Typ. sp., Umbellularia Groenlandica, Cuv.; Hydra Marina arctica, Ellis, Corallines, tab. xxxvil. 
6. Genus VERETILLUM. 
Cuvier, Regne Animal, vol. iv. 
Resembling Pennatula, but not having any lateral pinnules, with the polypi 
arranged all round the upper part of the stem. Axis rudimentary, and of a form almost 
navicular. 
Typ. sp., Veretillum cynomorium, Cuvier; Pennatula digitiformis, Ellis. 
